Schematic overview of the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the cancer progression, including the proposed cellular and molecular mechanisms in cancer cells trajectory. AT1: alveolar type 1 cells; AT2: alveolar type 2 cells; AAH: atypical adenomatous hyperplasia; AIS: adenocarcinoma in situ; MIA: minimally invasive adenocarcinoma; IA: invasive adenocarcinoma; EMT: epithelial-mesenchymal transition

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Center for Computational Systems Medicine
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Gene summary

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Malignant transformation analysis

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Malignant transformation related pathway analysis

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Cell-cell communication analysis

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Single-cell gene regulatory network inference analysis

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Somatic mutation of malignant transformation related genes

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Related drugs of malignant transformation related genes

Gene: TTC28

Gene summary for TTC28

check button Gene summary.

Gene informationSpeciesHuman
Gene symbol

TTC28

Gene ID

23331

Gene nametetratricopeptide repeat domain 28
Gene AliasTPRBK
Cytomap22q12.1
Gene Typeprotein-coding
GO ID

GO:0000278

UniProtAcc

Q96AY4


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Malignant transformation analysis

check button Identification of the aberrant gene expression in precancerous and cancerous lesions by comparing the gene expression of stem-like cells in diseased tissues with normal stem cells
check button Malignant transformation involving gene list.
Entrez IDSymbolReplicatesSpeciesOrganTissueAdj P-valueLog2FCMalignancy
23331TTC28CCI_1HumanCervixCC3.30e-036.18e-010.528
23331TTC28CCII_1HumanCervixCC4.23e-022.26e-010.3249
23331TTC28AEH-subject1HumanEndometriumAEH1.90e-245.79e-01-0.3059
23331TTC28AEH-subject2HumanEndometriumAEH1.23e-093.83e-01-0.2525
23331TTC28AEH-subject3HumanEndometriumAEH7.45e-225.77e-01-0.2576
23331TTC28AEH-subject4HumanEndometriumAEH4.71e-297.63e-01-0.2657
23331TTC28AEH-subject5HumanEndometriumAEH6.75e-146.26e-01-0.2953
23331TTC28EEC-subject1HumanEndometriumEEC2.74e-256.47e-01-0.2682
23331TTC28EEC-subject2HumanEndometriumEEC8.92e-134.70e-01-0.2607
23331TTC28EEC-subject3HumanEndometriumEEC2.21e-061.61e-01-0.2525
23331TTC28EEC-subject4HumanEndometriumEEC1.08e-185.52e-01-0.2571
23331TTC28EEC-subject5HumanEndometriumEEC3.16e-134.94e-01-0.249
23331TTC28GSM5276934HumanEndometriumEEC9.82e-04-8.64e-02-0.0913
23331TTC28GSM6177620_NYU_UCEC1_lib1_lib1HumanEndometriumEEC2.89e-142.16e-01-0.1869
23331TTC28GSM6177620_NYU_UCEC1_lib2_lib2HumanEndometriumEEC1.35e-111.29e-01-0.1875
23331TTC28GSM6177620_NYU_UCEC1_lib3_lib3HumanEndometriumEEC1.79e-121.64e-01-0.1883
23331TTC28GSM6177621_NYU_UCEC2_lib1_lib1HumanEndometriumEEC1.38e-074.03e-02-0.1934
23331TTC28GSM6177622_NYU_UCEC3_lib1_lib1HumanEndometriumEEC7.28e-14-1.67e-02-0.1917
23331TTC28GSM6177622_NYU_UCEC3_lib2_lib2HumanEndometriumEEC1.49e-11-2.47e-02-0.1916
23331TTC28GSM6177623_NYU_UCEC3_VisHumanEndometriumEEC7.51e-031.08e-01-0.1269
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check button Transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.
TissueExpression DynamicsAbbreviation
CervixThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.CC: Cervix cancer
HSIL_HPV: HPV-infected high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions
N_HPV: HPV-infected normal cervix
EndometriumThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.AEH: Atypical endometrial hyperplasia
EEC: Endometrioid Cancer
EsophagusThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.ESCC: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
HGIN: High-grade intraepithelial neoplasias
LGIN: Low-grade intraepithelial neoplasias
LiverThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma
NAFLD: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
LungThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.AAH: Atypical adenomatous hyperplasia
AIS: Adenocarcinoma in situ
IAC: Invasive lung adenocarcinoma
MIA: Minimally invasive adenocarcinoma
Oral CavityThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.EOLP: Erosive Oral lichen planus
LP: leukoplakia
NEOLP: Non-erosive oral lichen planus
OSCC: Oral squamous cell carcinoma
ProstateThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.BPH: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
∗log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.

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Malignant transformation related pathway analysis

check buttonFind out the enriched GO biological processes and KEGG pathways involved in transition from healthy to precancer to cancer
check button Figure of enriched GO biological processes.
TissueDisease StageEnriched GO biological Processes
ColorectumADGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumSERGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumMSSGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumMSI-HGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumFAPGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
∗Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
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check button Enriched GO biological processes.
GO IDTissueDisease StageDescriptionGene RatioBg Ratiopvaluep.adjustCount
GO:00073466CervixCCregulation of mitotic cell cycle88/2311457/187231.26e-052.60e-0488
GO:00073467EndometriumEECregulation of mitotic cell cycle70/2168457/187238.76e-034.74e-0270
GO:000734615EsophagusESCCregulation of mitotic cell cycle293/8552457/187238.00e-165.64e-14293
GO:00073463LiverCirrhoticregulation of mitotic cell cycle154/4634457/187238.73e-061.29e-04154
GO:000734611LiverHCCregulation of mitotic cell cycle255/7958457/187234.96e-091.30e-07255
GO:00073464LungIACregulation of mitotic cell cycle78/2061457/187235.37e-051.21e-0378
GO:000734621Oral cavityEOLPregulation of mitotic cell cycle82/2218457/187237.50e-059.14e-0482
GO:000734631Oral cavityNEOLPregulation of mitotic cell cycle69/2005457/187232.07e-031.38e-0269
GO:00073468ProstateBPHregulation of mitotic cell cycle115/3107457/187231.52e-062.62e-05115
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check button Enriched KEGG pathways.
Pathway IDTissueDisease StageDescriptionGene RatioBg Ratiopvaluep.adjustqvalueCount
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Cell-cell communication analysis

check buttonIdentification of potential cell-cell interactions between two cell types and their ligand-receptor pairs for different disease states
LigandReceptorLRpairPathwayTissueDisease Stage
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Single-cell gene regulatory network inference analysis

check buttonFind out the significant the regulons (TFs) and the target genes of each regulon across cell types for different disease states
TFCell TypeTissueDisease StageTarget GeneRSSRegulon Activity
∗The dot plots of a searched regulon are shown for all cell subpopulations in each disease state of each tissue based on the regulon specific score inferred using pySCENIC and by calculating the average expression.
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Somatic mutation of malignant transformation related genes

check buttonAnnotation of somatic variants for genes involved in malignant transformation
Hugo SymbolVariant ClassVariant ClassificationdbSNP RSHGVScHGVSpHGVSp ShortSWISSPROTBIOTYPESIFTPolyPhenTumor Sample BarcodeTissueHistologySexAgeStageTherapy TypesDrugsOutcome
TTC28SNVMissense_Mutationnovelc.4602N>Ap.Met1534Ilep.M1534IQ96AY4protein_codingtolerated(0.08)benign(0.076)TCGA-5L-AAT1-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale<65III/IVHormone TherapyletrozolSD
TTC28SNVMissense_Mutationnovelc.7388N>Tp.Ser2463Phep.S2463FQ96AY4protein_codingdeleterious_low_confidence(0)benign(0.08)TCGA-A2-A3XX-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale<65I/IIChemotherapycyclophosphamideCR
TTC28SNVMissense_Mutationc.6044N>Ap.Gly2015Glup.G2015EQ96AY4protein_codingtolerated_low_confidence(0.92)benign(0.011)TCGA-AC-A23H-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale>=65I/IIUnknownUnknownPD
TTC28SNVMissense_Mutationc.5644N>Gp.Gln1882Glup.Q1882EQ96AY4protein_codingtolerated(0.57)benign(0.003)TCGA-AC-A23H-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale>=65I/IIUnknownUnknownPD
TTC28SNVMissense_Mutationc.4160N>Tp.Ser1387Leup.S1387LQ96AY4protein_codingtolerated(0.14)benign(0.023)TCGA-AC-A23H-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale>=65I/IIUnknownUnknownPD
TTC28SNVMissense_Mutationc.3162N>Cp.Glu1054Aspp.E1054DQ96AY4protein_codingtolerated(0.14)possibly_damaging(0.627)TCGA-AC-A23H-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale>=65I/IIUnknownUnknownPD
TTC28SNVMissense_Mutationrs763920308c.1598C>Ap.Ala533Glup.A533EQ96AY4protein_codingdeleterious(0)probably_damaging(0.999)TCGA-AC-A3TM-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale<65III/IVChemotherapycytoxanCR
TTC28SNVMissense_Mutationrs529615602c.2623N>Ap.Asp875Asnp.D875NQ96AY4protein_codingdeleterious(0.04)possibly_damaging(0.692)TCGA-AN-A0FW-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale>=65III/IVUnknownUnknownSD
TTC28SNVMissense_Mutationc.199N>Ap.Gln67Lysp.Q67KQ96AY4protein_codingtolerated(0.3)benign(0.113)TCGA-AO-A124-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale<65I/IIChemotherapydoxorubicinSD
TTC28SNVMissense_Mutationnovelc.5126N>Gp.Met1709Argp.M1709RQ96AY4protein_codingdeleterious(0)benign(0.134)TCGA-BH-A0BD-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale<65I/IIChemotherapydoxorubicinSD
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Related drugs of malignant transformation related genes

check buttonIdentification of chemicals and drugs interact with genes involved in malignant transfromation
(DGIdb 4.0)
Entrez IDSymbolCategoryInteraction TypesDrug Claim NameDrug NamePMIDs
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