Schematic overview of the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the cancer progression, including the proposed cellular and molecular mechanisms in cancer cells trajectory. AT1: alveolar type 1 cells; AT2: alveolar type 2 cells; AAH: atypical adenomatous hyperplasia; AIS: adenocarcinoma in situ; MIA: minimally invasive adenocarcinoma; IA: invasive adenocarcinoma; EMT: epithelial-mesenchymal transition

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Center for Computational Systems Medicine
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Gene summary

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Malignant transformation analysis

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Malignant transformation related pathway analysis

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Cell-cell communication analysis

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Single-cell gene regulatory network inference analysis

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Somatic mutation of malignant transformation related genes

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Related drugs of malignant transformation related genes

Gene: TGFB1

Gene summary for TGFB1

check button Gene summary.

Gene informationSpeciesHuman
Gene symbol

TGFB1

Gene ID

7040

Gene nametransforming growth factor beta 1
Gene AliasCED
Cytomap19q13.2
Gene Typeprotein-coding
GO ID

GO:0000018

UniProtAcc

P01137


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Malignant transformation analysis

check button Identification of the aberrant gene expression in precancerous and cancerous lesions by comparing the gene expression of stem-like cells in diseased tissues with normal stem cells
check button Malignant transformation involving gene list.
Entrez IDSymbolReplicatesSpeciesOrganTissueAdj P-valueLog2FCMalignancy
7040TGFB1LZE4THumanEsophagusESCC1.43e-052.58e-010.0811
7040TGFB1LZE20THumanEsophagusESCC6.37e-063.69e-010.0662
7040TGFB1LZE22D1HumanEsophagusHGIN1.14e-031.78e-010.0595
7040TGFB1LZE22THumanEsophagusESCC3.87e-107.23e-010.068
7040TGFB1LZE24THumanEsophagusESCC2.12e-381.17e+000.0596
7040TGFB1LZE21THumanEsophagusESCC9.25e-055.08e-010.0655
7040TGFB1P1T-EHumanEsophagusESCC4.83e-086.50e-010.0875
7040TGFB1P2T-EHumanEsophagusESCC5.15e-081.12e-010.1177
7040TGFB1P4T-EHumanEsophagusESCC9.88e-337.78e-010.1323
7040TGFB1P5T-EHumanEsophagusESCC4.15e-275.74e-010.1327
7040TGFB1P8T-EHumanEsophagusESCC9.16e-245.53e-010.0889
7040TGFB1P9T-EHumanEsophagusESCC4.33e-123.66e-010.1131
7040TGFB1P10T-EHumanEsophagusESCC2.54e-214.23e-010.116
7040TGFB1P11T-EHumanEsophagusESCC1.78e-271.14e+000.1426
7040TGFB1P12T-EHumanEsophagusESCC1.01e-204.48e-010.1122
7040TGFB1P15T-EHumanEsophagusESCC2.41e-377.87e-010.1149
7040TGFB1P16T-EHumanEsophagusESCC1.21e-041.65e-010.1153
7040TGFB1P17T-EHumanEsophagusESCC8.42e-198.11e-010.1278
7040TGFB1P19T-EHumanEsophagusESCC2.47e-044.32e-010.1662
7040TGFB1P20T-EHumanEsophagusESCC3.03e-337.74e-010.1124
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check button Transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.
TissueExpression DynamicsAbbreviation
EsophagusThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.ESCC: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
HGIN: High-grade intraepithelial neoplasias
LGIN: Low-grade intraepithelial neoplasias
LiverThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma
NAFLD: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Oral CavityThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.EOLP: Erosive Oral lichen planus
LP: leukoplakia
NEOLP: Non-erosive oral lichen planus
OSCC: Oral squamous cell carcinoma
SkinThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.AK: Actinic keratosis
cSCC: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
SCCIS:squamous cell carcinoma in situ
ThyroidThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.ATC: Anaplastic thyroid cancer
HT: Hashimoto's thyroiditis
PTC: Papillary thyroid cancer
∗log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.

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Malignant transformation related pathway analysis

check buttonFind out the enriched GO biological processes and KEGG pathways involved in transition from healthy to precancer to cancer
check button Figure of enriched GO biological processes.
TissueDisease StageEnriched GO biological Processes
ColorectumADGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumSERGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumMSSGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumMSI-HGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumFAPGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
∗Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
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check button Enriched GO biological processes.
GO IDTissueDisease StageDescriptionGene RatioBg Ratiopvaluep.adjustCount
GO:004603427EsophagusHGINATP metabolic process101/2587277/187231.53e-211.02e-18101
GO:007259420EsophagusHGINestablishment of protein localization to organelle120/2587422/187231.73e-154.00e-13120
GO:003450417EsophagusHGINprotein localization to nucleus84/2587290/187231.06e-111.24e-0984
GO:000691319EsophagusHGINnucleocytoplasmic transport83/2587301/187232.14e-101.97e-0883
GO:005116919EsophagusHGINnuclear transport83/2587301/187232.14e-101.97e-0883
GO:000914419EsophagusHGINpurine nucleoside triphosphate metabolic process36/258788/187233.49e-103.05e-0836
GO:000914518EsophagusHGINpurine nucleoside triphosphate biosynthetic process31/258769/187233.51e-103.05e-0831
GO:000920618EsophagusHGINpurine ribonucleoside triphosphate biosynthetic process30/258768/187231.16e-099.27e-0830
GO:000920518EsophagusHGINpurine ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolic process33/258782/187233.10e-092.27e-0733
GO:190382926EsophagusHGINpositive regulation of cellular protein localization75/2587276/187233.19e-092.30e-0775
GO:000675417EsophagusHGINATP biosynthetic process26/258757/187236.19e-094.04e-0726
GO:000920117EsophagusHGINribonucleoside triphosphate biosynthetic process30/258774/187231.30e-088.15e-0730
GO:000914120EsophagusHGINnucleoside triphosphate metabolic process39/2587112/187231.56e-089.53e-0739
GO:005116819EsophagusHGINnuclear export48/2587154/187232.21e-081.34e-0648
GO:000919917EsophagusHGINribonucleoside triphosphate metabolic process33/258789/187233.42e-081.97e-0633
GO:000914218EsophagusHGINnucleoside triphosphate biosynthetic process32/258785/187233.61e-082.04e-0632
GO:002241120EsophagusHGINcellular component disassembly102/2587443/187238.31e-084.33e-06102
GO:004682219EsophagusHGINregulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport35/2587106/187233.69e-071.69e-0535
GO:003133425EsophagusHGINpositive regulation of protein-containing complex assembly61/2587237/187237.10e-073.00e-0561
GO:190018216EsophagusHGINpositive regulation of protein localization to nucleus30/258787/187238.74e-073.59e-0530
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check button Enriched KEGG pathways.
Pathway IDTissueDisease StageDescriptionGene RatioBg Ratiopvaluep.adjustqvalueCount
hsa0541530EsophagusHGINDiabetic cardiomyopathy80/1383203/84651.35e-153.38e-142.69e-1480
hsa0493230EsophagusHGINNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease66/1383155/84655.21e-151.21e-139.64e-1466
hsa0421828EsophagusHGINCellular senescence42/1383156/84654.94e-045.03e-034.00e-0342
hsa0516639EsophagusHGINHuman T-cell leukemia virus 1 infection51/1383222/84655.84e-034.05e-023.22e-0251
hsa0520528EsophagusHGINProteoglycans in cancer47/1383205/84658.23e-034.71e-023.74e-0247
hsa05415114EsophagusHGINDiabetic cardiomyopathy80/1383203/84651.35e-153.38e-142.69e-1480
hsa04932113EsophagusHGINNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease66/1383155/84655.21e-151.21e-139.64e-1466
hsa04218111EsophagusHGINCellular senescence42/1383156/84654.94e-045.03e-034.00e-0342
hsa05166114EsophagusHGINHuman T-cell leukemia virus 1 infection51/1383222/84655.84e-034.05e-023.22e-0251
hsa05205112EsophagusHGINProteoglycans in cancer47/1383205/84658.23e-034.71e-023.74e-0247
hsa0411023EsophagusESCCCell cycle126/4205157/84651.34e-155.60e-142.87e-14126
hsa04932210EsophagusESCCNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease122/4205155/84655.69e-141.59e-128.14e-13122
hsa05166211EsophagusESCCHuman T-cell leukemia virus 1 infection164/4205222/84658.13e-142.09e-121.07e-12164
hsa0421829EsophagusESCCCellular senescence119/4205156/84655.89e-129.40e-114.81e-11119
hsa05415211EsophagusESCCDiabetic cardiomyopathy146/4205203/84655.81e-117.78e-103.99e-10146
hsa0521020EsophagusESCCColorectal cancer69/420586/84654.06e-094.13e-082.11e-0869
hsa0521216EsophagusESCCPancreatic cancer62/420576/84657.37e-096.85e-083.51e-0862
hsa0522020EsophagusESCCChronic myeloid leukemia61/420576/84653.20e-082.68e-071.37e-0761
hsa0520529EsophagusESCCProteoglycans in cancer138/4205205/84651.79e-071.40e-067.15e-07138
hsa0493310EsophagusESCCAGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications72/4205100/84654.15e-062.28e-051.17e-0572
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Cell-cell communication analysis

check buttonIdentification of potential cell-cell interactions between two cell types and their ligand-receptor pairs for different disease states
LigandReceptorLRpairPathwayTissueDisease Stage
TGFB1TGFbR1_R2TGFB1_TGFBR1_TGFBR2TGFbBreastADJ
TGFB1TGFbR1_R2TGFB1_TGFBR1_TGFBR2TGFbBreastDCIS
TGFB1ACVR1_TGFbRTGFB1_ACVR1_TGFBR1TGFbBreastDCIS
TGFB1TGFbR1_R2TGFB1_TGFBR1_TGFBR2TGFbBreastIDC
TGFB1TGFbR1_R2TGFB1_TGFBR1_TGFBR2TGFbCervixCC
TGFB1ACVR1_TGFbRTGFB1_ACVR1_TGFBR1TGFbCervixCC
TGFB1ACVR1B_TGFbR2TGFB1_ACVR1B_TGFBR2TGFbCRCAD
TGFB1TGFbR1_R2TGFB1_TGFBR1_TGFBR2TGFbCRCCRC
TGFB1ACVR1B_TGFbR2TGFB1_ACVR1B_TGFBR2TGFbCRCCRC
TGFB1ACVR1C_TGFbR2TGFB1_ACVR1C_TGFBR2TGFbCRCCRC
TGFB1TGFbR1_R2TGFB1_TGFBR1_TGFBR2TGFbCRCMSI-H
TGFB1ACVR1B_TGFbR2TGFB1_ACVR1B_TGFBR2TGFbCRCMSI-H
TGFB1ACVR1_TGFbRTGFB1_ACVR1_TGFBR1TGFbCRCMSI-H
TGFB1TGFbR1_R2TGFB1_TGFBR1_TGFBR2TGFbCRCSER
TGFB1TGFbR1_R2TGFB1_TGFBR1_TGFBR2TGFbEndometriumADJ
TGFB1TGFbR1_R2TGFB1_TGFBR1_TGFBR2TGFbEndometriumAEH
TGFB1ACVR1B_TGFbR2TGFB1_ACVR1B_TGFBR2TGFbEndometriumAEH
TGFB1TGFbR1_R2TGFB1_TGFBR1_TGFBR2TGFbEsophagusESCC
TGFB1ACVR1_TGFbRTGFB1_ACVR1_TGFBR1TGFbEsophagusESCC
TGFB1TGFbR1_R2TGFB1_TGFBR1_TGFBR2TGFbHNSCCADJ
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Single-cell gene regulatory network inference analysis

check buttonFind out the significant the regulons (TFs) and the target genes of each regulon across cell types for different disease states
TFCell TypeTissueDisease StageTarget GeneRSSRegulon Activity
∗The dot plots of a searched regulon are shown for all cell subpopulations in each disease state of each tissue based on the regulon specific score inferred using pySCENIC and by calculating the average expression.
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Somatic mutation of malignant transformation related genes

check buttonAnnotation of somatic variants for genes involved in malignant transformation
Hugo SymbolVariant ClassVariant ClassificationdbSNP RSHGVScHGVSpHGVSp ShortSWISSPROTBIOTYPESIFTPolyPhenTumor Sample BarcodeTissueHistologySexAgeStageTherapy TypesDrugsOutcome
TGFB1SNVMissense_Mutationnovelc.1079N>Tp.Ala360Valp.A360VP01137protein_codingtolerated(0.75)benign(0.001)TCGA-3C-AAAU-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale<65I/IIChemotherapyzoladexSD
TGFB1SNVMissense_Mutationc.1031A>Tp.Asn344Ilep.N344IP01137protein_codingdeleterious(0)probably_damaging(0.998)TCGA-AR-A1AR-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale<65III/IVUnspecificDocetaxelPD
TGFB1SNVMissense_Mutationc.368N>Tp.Lys123Metp.K123MP01137protein_codingtolerated(0.12)possibly_damaging(0.45)TCGA-AM-5821-01Colorectumcolon adenocarcinomaFemale>=65I/IIUnknownUnknownSD
TGFB1SNVMissense_Mutationc.1099N>Ap.Val367Metp.V367MP01137protein_codingdeleterious(0.01)probably_damaging(0.989)TCGA-CK-4951-01Colorectumcolon adenocarcinomaFemale>=65I/IIUnknownUnknownPD
TGFB1SNVMissense_Mutationc.829N>Tp.Arg277Cysp.R277CP01137protein_codingdeleterious(0)probably_damaging(0.961)TCGA-CK-5913-01Colorectumcolon adenocarcinomaFemale<65I/IIUnknownUnknownSD
TGFB1SNVMissense_Mutationc.727N>Ap.Arg243Serp.R243SP01137protein_codingtolerated(0.77)benign(0.428)TCGA-NH-A5IV-01Colorectumcolon adenocarcinomaFemale>=65I/IIUnknownUnknownSD
TGFB1SNVMissense_Mutationrs142642007c.442N>Ap.Val148Metp.V148MP01137protein_codingtolerated(0.12)benign(0.01)TCGA-SS-A7HO-01Colorectumcolon adenocarcinomaFemale<65I/IIChemotherapyoxaliplatinPD
TGFB1SNVMissense_Mutationc.883N>Ap.Val295Metp.V295MP01137protein_codingdeleterious(0)probably_damaging(0.992)TCGA-AH-6544-01Colorectumrectum adenocarcinomaMale<65III/IVChemotherapyoxaliplatinSD
TGFB1SNVMissense_Mutationrs201327622c.661G>Ap.Ala221Thrp.A221TP01137protein_codingtolerated(0.17)benign(0.034)TCGA-A5-A2K5-01Endometriumuterine corpus endometrioid carcinomaFemale>=65I/IIUnknownUnknownSD
TGFB1SNVMissense_Mutationc.248N>Tp.Ser83Ilep.S83IP01137protein_codingdeleterious(0)possibly_damaging(0.706)TCGA-AP-A059-01Endometriumuterine corpus endometrioid carcinomaFemale>=65I/IIUnknownUnknownSD
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Related drugs of malignant transformation related genes

check buttonIdentification of chemicals and drugs interact with genes involved in malignant transfromation
(DGIdb 4.0)
Entrez IDSymbolCategoryInteraction TypesDrug Claim NameDrug NamePMIDs
7040TGFB1TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR, DRUGGABLE GENOME, CELL SURFACE, GROWTH FACTORDisitertideDISITERTIDE24393789
7040TGFB1TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR, DRUGGABLE GENOME, CELL SURFACE, GROWTH FACTORANTIOXIDANT12221586
7040TGFB1TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR, DRUGGABLE GENOME, CELL SURFACE, GROWTH FACTORPirfenidonePIRFENIDONE
7040TGFB1TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR, DRUGGABLE GENOME, CELL SURFACE, GROWTH FACTORVERAPAMILVERAPAMIL
7040TGFB1TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR, DRUGGABLE GENOME, CELL SURFACE, GROWTH FACTORTOREMIFENETOREMIFENE12476040
7040TGFB1TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR, DRUGGABLE GENOME, CELL SURFACE, GROWTH FACTORTAMOXIFENTAMOXIFEN8019941
7040TGFB1TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR, DRUGGABLE GENOME, CELL SURFACE, GROWTH FACTORBRDU10495776
7040TGFB1TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR, DRUGGABLE GENOME, CELL SURFACE, GROWTH FACTORPIRFENIDONEPIRFENIDONE12907346
7040TGFB1TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR, DRUGGABLE GENOME, CELL SURFACE, GROWTH FACTORTRIAMCINOLONETRIAMCINOLONE12174062
7040TGFB1TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR, DRUGGABLE GENOME, CELL SURFACE, GROWTH FACTORBOVINE CARTILAGE12525389
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