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Gene: GGH |
Gene summary for GGH |
 Gene summary. |
| Gene information | Species | Human | Gene symbol | GGH | Gene ID | 8836 |
| Gene name | gamma-glutamyl hydrolase | |
| Gene Alias | GATD10 | |
| Cytomap | 8q12.3 | |
| Gene Type | protein-coding | GO ID | GO:0006508 | UniProtAcc | Q92820 |
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Malignant transformation analysis |
| Identification of the aberrant gene expression in precancerous and cancerous lesions by comparing the gene expression of stem-like cells in diseased tissues with normal stem cells |
| Malignant transformation involving gene list. |
| Entrez ID | Symbol | Replicates | Species | Organ | Tissue | Adj P-value | Log2FC | Malignancy |
| 8836 | GGH | GSM4909281 | Human | Breast | IDC | 1.22e-33 | 7.03e-01 | 0.21 |
| 8836 | GGH | GSM4909282 | Human | Breast | IDC | 6.75e-47 | 8.68e-01 | -0.0288 |
| 8836 | GGH | GSM4909285 | Human | Breast | IDC | 2.33e-12 | 3.82e-01 | 0.21 |
| 8836 | GGH | GSM4909286 | Human | Breast | IDC | 9.37e-27 | 5.42e-01 | 0.1081 |
| 8836 | GGH | GSM4909311 | Human | Breast | IDC | 3.32e-03 | -1.12e-01 | 0.1534 |
| 8836 | GGH | GSM4909315 | Human | Breast | IDC | 1.65e-04 | -1.12e-01 | 0.21 |
| 8836 | GGH | GSM4909319 | Human | Breast | IDC | 9.65e-05 | -9.41e-02 | 0.1563 |
| 8836 | GGH | DCIS2 | Human | Breast | DCIS | 1.92e-07 | -1.96e-02 | 0.0085 |
| 8836 | GGH | HTA11_1938_2000001011 | Human | Colorectum | AD | 1.64e-13 | 6.63e-01 | -0.0811 |
| 8836 | GGH | HTA11_347_2000001011 | Human | Colorectum | AD | 1.49e-12 | 5.02e-01 | -0.1954 |
| 8836 | GGH | HTA11_866_3004761011 | Human | Colorectum | AD | 3.75e-02 | 2.93e-01 | 0.096 |
| 8836 | GGH | HTA11_7469_2000001011 | Human | Colorectum | AD | 4.51e-03 | 6.84e-01 | -0.0124 |
| 8836 | GGH | HTA11_99999970781_79442 | Human | Colorectum | MSS | 2.76e-02 | 3.03e-01 | 0.294 |
| 8836 | GGH | HTA11_99999971662_82457 | Human | Colorectum | MSS | 1.12e-03 | 4.83e-01 | 0.3859 |
| 8836 | GGH | LZE2T | Human | Esophagus | ESCC | 7.21e-04 | 8.65e-01 | 0.082 |
| 8836 | GGH | LZE4T | Human | Esophagus | ESCC | 1.50e-05 | 3.51e-01 | 0.0811 |
| 8836 | GGH | LZE7T | Human | Esophagus | ESCC | 9.70e-04 | 4.57e-01 | 0.0667 |
| 8836 | GGH | LZE8T | Human | Esophagus | ESCC | 1.17e-08 | 6.80e-01 | 0.067 |
| 8836 | GGH | LZE22T | Human | Esophagus | ESCC | 1.96e-02 | 4.98e-01 | 0.068 |
| 8836 | GGH | LZE24T | Human | Esophagus | ESCC | 2.88e-09 | 5.08e-01 | 0.0596 |
| Page: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 |
| Transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum. |
| Tissue | Expression Dynamics | Abbreviation |
| Breast |  | IDC: Invasive ductal carcinoma |
| DCIS: Ductal carcinoma in situ | ||
| Precancer(BRCA1-mut): Precancerous lesion from BRCA1 mutation carriers | ||
| Colorectum (GSE201348) |  | FAP: Familial adenomatous polyposis |
| CRC: Colorectal cancer | ||
| Colorectum (HTA11) |  | AD: Adenomas |
| SER: Sessile serrated lesions | ||
| MSI-H: Microsatellite-high colorectal cancer | ||
| MSS: Microsatellite stable colorectal cancer | ||
| Esophagus |  | ESCC: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma |
| HGIN: High-grade intraepithelial neoplasias | ||
| LGIN: Low-grade intraepithelial neoplasias | ||
| Liver |  | HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma |
| NAFLD: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease | ||
| Oral Cavity |  | EOLP: Erosive Oral lichen planus |
| LP: leukoplakia | ||
| NEOLP: Non-erosive oral lichen planus | ||
| OSCC: Oral squamous cell carcinoma | ||
| Skin |  | AK: Actinic keratosis |
| cSCC: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma | ||
| SCCIS:squamous cell carcinoma in situ | ||
| Thyroid |  | ATC: Anaplastic thyroid cancer |
| HT: Hashimoto's thyroiditis | ||
| PTC: Papillary thyroid cancer |
| ∗log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage. |
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Malignant transformation related pathway analysis |
| Find out the enriched GO biological processes and KEGG pathways involved in transition from healthy to precancer to cancer |
| Figure of enriched GO biological processes. |
| Tissue | Disease Stage | Enriched GO biological Processes |
| Colorectum | AD |  |
| Colorectum | SER |  |
| Colorectum | MSS |  |
| Colorectum | MSI-H |  |
| Colorectum | FAP |  |
| ∗Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust). |
| Page: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 |
| Enriched GO biological processes. |
| GO ID | Tissue | Disease Stage | Description | Gene Ratio | Bg Ratio | pvalue | p.adjust | Count |
| GO:001003814 | Breast | IDC | response to metal ion | 65/1434 | 373/18723 | 2.95e-10 | 3.42e-08 | 65 |
| GO:000941013 | Breast | IDC | response to xenobiotic stimulus | 62/1434 | 462/18723 | 1.05e-05 | 2.88e-04 | 62 |
| GO:00434348 | Breast | IDC | response to peptide hormone | 54/1434 | 414/18723 | 8.25e-05 | 1.61e-03 | 54 |
| GO:009730514 | Breast | IDC | response to alcohol | 36/1434 | 253/18723 | 2.29e-04 | 3.64e-03 | 36 |
| GO:001004311 | Breast | IDC | response to zinc ion | 13/1434 | 58/18723 | 3.59e-04 | 5.18e-03 | 13 |
| GO:00454713 | Breast | IDC | response to ethanol | 21/1434 | 137/18723 | 1.72e-03 | 1.67e-02 | 21 |
| GO:00328687 | Breast | IDC | response to insulin | 32/1434 | 264/18723 | 6.61e-03 | 4.62e-02 | 32 |
| GO:001003824 | Breast | DCIS | response to metal ion | 65/1390 | 373/18723 | 8.03e-11 | 9.88e-09 | 65 |
| GO:000941023 | Breast | DCIS | response to xenobiotic stimulus | 59/1390 | 462/18723 | 3.00e-05 | 6.61e-04 | 59 |
| GO:004343414 | Breast | DCIS | response to peptide hormone | 52/1390 | 414/18723 | 1.33e-04 | 2.28e-03 | 52 |
| GO:001004321 | Breast | DCIS | response to zinc ion | 13/1390 | 58/18723 | 2.65e-04 | 4.03e-03 | 13 |
| GO:009730524 | Breast | DCIS | response to alcohol | 34/1390 | 253/18723 | 5.54e-04 | 7.09e-03 | 34 |
| GO:004547111 | Breast | DCIS | response to ethanol | 20/1390 | 137/18723 | 2.73e-03 | 2.40e-02 | 20 |
| GO:003286813 | Breast | DCIS | response to insulin | 32/1390 | 264/18723 | 4.20e-03 | 3.31e-02 | 32 |
| GO:0032868 | Colorectum | AD | response to insulin | 91/3918 | 264/18723 | 2.02e-07 | 8.48e-06 | 91 |
| GO:0043434 | Colorectum | AD | response to peptide hormone | 126/3918 | 414/18723 | 2.70e-06 | 7.86e-05 | 126 |
| GO:0009410 | Colorectum | AD | response to xenobiotic stimulus | 128/3918 | 462/18723 | 2.69e-04 | 3.31e-03 | 128 |
| GO:0010038 | Colorectum | AD | response to metal ion | 106/3918 | 373/18723 | 3.22e-04 | 3.83e-03 | 106 |
| GO:0006575 | Colorectum | AD | cellular modified amino acid metabolic process | 59/3918 | 188/18723 | 4.80e-04 | 5.27e-03 | 59 |
| GO:0097305 | Colorectum | AD | response to alcohol | 71/3918 | 253/18723 | 4.01e-03 | 2.80e-02 | 71 |
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| Enriched KEGG pathways. |
| Pathway ID | Tissue | Disease Stage | Description | Gene Ratio | Bg Ratio | pvalue | p.adjust | qvalue | Count |
| hsa012405 | Esophagus | ESCC | Biosynthesis of cofactors | 97/4205 | 153/8465 | 3.88e-04 | 1.35e-03 | 6.94e-04 | 97 |
| hsa015232 | Esophagus | ESCC | Antifolate resistance | 22/4205 | 30/8465 | 7.23e-03 | 1.76e-02 | 8.99e-03 | 22 |
| hsa0124012 | Esophagus | ESCC | Biosynthesis of cofactors | 97/4205 | 153/8465 | 3.88e-04 | 1.35e-03 | 6.94e-04 | 97 |
| hsa0152311 | Esophagus | ESCC | Antifolate resistance | 22/4205 | 30/8465 | 7.23e-03 | 1.76e-02 | 8.99e-03 | 22 |
| hsa012402 | Liver | HCC | Biosynthesis of cofactors | 103/4020 | 153/8465 | 4.67e-07 | 5.05e-06 | 2.81e-06 | 103 |
| hsa01523 | Liver | HCC | Antifolate resistance | 21/4020 | 30/8465 | 1.06e-02 | 2.71e-02 | 1.51e-02 | 21 |
| hsa012403 | Liver | HCC | Biosynthesis of cofactors | 103/4020 | 153/8465 | 4.67e-07 | 5.05e-06 | 2.81e-06 | 103 |
| hsa015231 | Liver | HCC | Antifolate resistance | 21/4020 | 30/8465 | 1.06e-02 | 2.71e-02 | 1.51e-02 | 21 |
| hsa012404 | Oral cavity | OSCC | Biosynthesis of cofactors | 88/3704 | 153/8465 | 3.84e-04 | 1.20e-03 | 6.12e-04 | 88 |
| hsa0124011 | Oral cavity | OSCC | Biosynthesis of cofactors | 88/3704 | 153/8465 | 3.84e-04 | 1.20e-03 | 6.12e-04 | 88 |
| hsa0124021 | Oral cavity | LP | Biosynthesis of cofactors | 57/2418 | 153/8465 | 1.17e-02 | 3.91e-02 | 2.52e-02 | 57 |
| hsa0124031 | Oral cavity | LP | Biosynthesis of cofactors | 57/2418 | 153/8465 | 1.17e-02 | 3.91e-02 | 2.52e-02 | 57 |
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Cell-cell communication analysis |
| Identification of potential cell-cell interactions between two cell types and their ligand-receptor pairs for different disease states |
| Ligand | Receptor | LRpair | Pathway | Tissue | Disease Stage |
| Page: 1 |
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Single-cell gene regulatory network inference analysis |
| Find out the significant the regulons (TFs) and the target genes of each regulon across cell types for different disease states |
| TF | Cell Type | Tissue | Disease Stage | Target Gene | RSS | Regulon Activity |
| ∗The dot plots of a searched regulon are shown for all cell subpopulations in each disease state of each tissue based on the regulon specific score inferred using pySCENIC and by calculating the average expression. |
| Page: 1 |
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Somatic mutation of malignant transformation related genes |
| Annotation of somatic variants for genes involved in malignant transformation |
| Hugo Symbol | Variant Class | Variant Classification | dbSNP RS | HGVSc | HGVSp | HGVSp Short | SWISSPROT | BIOTYPE | SIFT | PolyPhen | Tumor Sample Barcode | Tissue | Histology | Sex | Age | Stage | Therapy Types | Drugs | Outcome |
| GGH | SNV | Missense_Mutation | c.460N>A | p.Asp154Asn | p.D154N | Q92820 | protein_coding | tolerated(1) | benign(0.025) | TCGA-A1-A0SE-01 | Breast | breast invasive carcinoma | Female | <65 | I/II | Unknown | Unknown | SD | |
| GGH | SNV | Missense_Mutation | novel | c.614C>A | p.Thr205Lys | p.T205K | Q92820 | protein_coding | tolerated(0.16) | benign(0.017) | TCGA-A8-A085-01 | Breast | breast invasive carcinoma | Male | <65 | I/II | Hormone Therapy | tamoxiphen | SD |
| GGH | SNV | Missense_Mutation | c.193G>C | p.Glu65Gln | p.E65Q | Q92820 | protein_coding | deleterious(0) | probably_damaging(0.987) | TCGA-C5-A1BK-01 | Cervix | cervical & endocervical cancer | Female | <65 | I/II | Unknown | Unknown | SD | |
| GGH | SNV | Missense_Mutation | c.289N>A | p.Gly97Arg | p.G97R | Q92820 | protein_coding | deleterious(0) | probably_damaging(1) | TCGA-C5-A1BL-01 | Cervix | cervical & endocervical cancer | Female | <65 | I/II | Unknown | Unknown | SD | |
| GGH | SNV | Missense_Mutation | novel | c.4N>A | p.Ala2Thr | p.A2T | Q92820 | protein_coding | deleterious(0.02) | benign(0.42) | TCGA-AA-3949-01 | Colorectum | colon adenocarcinoma | Female | >=65 | III/IV | Unknown | Unknown | SD |
| GGH | SNV | Missense_Mutation | c.883N>C | p.Ala295Pro | p.A295P | Q92820 | protein_coding | deleterious(0.01) | possibly_damaging(0.682) | TCGA-AA-A02J-01 | Colorectum | colon adenocarcinoma | Female | >=65 | III/IV | Unknown | Unknown | PD | |
| GGH | SNV | Missense_Mutation | novel | c.220G>T | p.Val74Leu | p.V74L | Q92820 | protein_coding | deleterious(0.03) | benign(0.063) | TCGA-A5-A0G2-01 | Endometrium | uterine corpus endometrioid carcinoma | Female | <65 | III/IV | Unknown | Unknown | SD |
| GGH | SNV | Missense_Mutation | novel | c.724C>A | p.Gln242Lys | p.Q242K | Q92820 | protein_coding | deleterious(0) | probably_damaging(0.998) | TCGA-A5-A1OF-01 | Endometrium | uterine corpus endometrioid carcinoma | Female | <65 | I/II | Unknown | Unknown | SD |
| GGH | SNV | Missense_Mutation | novel | c.335A>G | p.Lys112Arg | p.K112R | Q92820 | protein_coding | tolerated(0.28) | benign(0.012) | TCGA-A5-A1OF-01 | Endometrium | uterine corpus endometrioid carcinoma | Female | <65 | I/II | Unknown | Unknown | SD |
| GGH | SNV | Missense_Mutation | novel | c.917G>A | p.Gly306Glu | p.G306E | Q92820 | protein_coding | deleterious(0.02) | possibly_damaging(0.564) | TCGA-A5-A2K5-01 | Endometrium | uterine corpus endometrioid carcinoma | Female | >=65 | I/II | Unknown | Unknown | SD |
| Page: 1 2 3 4 |
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Related drugs of malignant transformation related genes |
| Identification of chemicals and drugs interact with genes involved in malignant transfromation |
| (DGIdb 4.0) |
| Entrez ID | Symbol | Category | Interaction Types | Drug Claim Name | Drug Name | PMIDs |
| 8836 | GGH | PROTEASE, ENZYME, DRUGGABLE GENOME | methotrexate | METHOTREXATE | 15284538,22763757,17286537,19827168,16999998,15564880 | |
| 8836 | GGH | PROTEASE, ENZYME, DRUGGABLE GENOME | bevacizumab | BEVACIZUMAB | ||
| 8836 | GGH | PROTEASE, ENZYME, DRUGGABLE GENOME | pemetrexed | PEMETREXED | 24732178 | |
| 8836 | GGH | PROTEASE, ENZYME, DRUGGABLE GENOME | methylphenidate | METHYLPHENIDATE | 29382897 | |
| 8836 | GGH | PROTEASE, ENZYME, DRUGGABLE GENOME | THIOGUANINE | THIOGUANINE | 16041371 |
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