Schematic overview of the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the cancer progression, including the proposed cellular and molecular mechanisms in cancer cells trajectory. AT1: alveolar type 1 cells; AT2: alveolar type 2 cells; AAH: atypical adenomatous hyperplasia; AIS: adenocarcinoma in situ; MIA: minimally invasive adenocarcinoma; IA: invasive adenocarcinoma; EMT: epithelial-mesenchymal transition

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Center for Computational Systems Medicine
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Gene summary

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Malignant transformation analysis

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Malignant transformation related pathway analysis

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Cell-cell communication analysis

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Single-cell gene regulatory network inference analysis

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Somatic mutation of malignant transformation related genes

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Related drugs of malignant transformation related genes

Gene: DMD

Gene summary for DMD

check button Gene summary.

Gene informationSpeciesHuman
Gene symbol

DMD

Gene ID

1756

Gene namedystrophin
Gene AliasBMD
CytomapXp21.2-p21.1
Gene Typeprotein-coding
GO ID

GO:0001508

UniProtAcc

P11532


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Malignant transformation analysis

check button Identification of the aberrant gene expression in precancerous and cancerous lesions by comparing the gene expression of stem-like cells in diseased tissues with normal stem cells
check button Malignant transformation involving gene list.
Entrez IDSymbolReplicatesSpeciesOrganTissueAdj P-valueLog2FCMalignancy
1756DMDAEH-subject3HumanEndometriumAEH8.07e-032.17e-01-0.2576
1756DMDP2T-EHumanEsophagusESCC7.44e-316.86e-010.1177
1756DMDP5T-EHumanEsophagusESCC8.69e-059.68e-020.1327
1756DMDP10T-EHumanEsophagusESCC2.17e-256.02e-010.116
1756DMDP11T-EHumanEsophagusESCC5.71e-042.89e-010.1426
1756DMDP16T-EHumanEsophagusESCC3.86e-224.30e-010.1153
1756DMDP19T-EHumanEsophagusESCC3.17e-076.15e-010.1662
1756DMDP23T-EHumanEsophagusESCC2.11e-083.42e-010.108
1756DMDP26T-EHumanEsophagusESCC2.75e-092.07e-010.1276
1756DMDP28T-EHumanEsophagusESCC3.51e-056.28e-020.1149
1756DMDP37T-EHumanEsophagusESCC3.04e-163.87e-010.1371
1756DMDP44T-EHumanEsophagusESCC1.98e-051.65e-010.1096
1756DMDP52T-EHumanEsophagusESCC1.33e-081.64e-010.1555
1756DMDP57T-EHumanEsophagusESCC6.92e-121.89e-010.0926
1756DMDP61T-EHumanEsophagusESCC7.74e-051.28e-010.099
1756DMDP76T-EHumanEsophagusESCC7.65e-193.83e-010.1207
1756DMDP79T-EHumanEsophagusESCC1.12e-102.13e-010.1154
1756DMDP107T-EHumanEsophagusESCC9.51e-051.01e-010.171
1756DMDP128T-EHumanEsophagusESCC1.87e-053.19e-010.1241
1756DMDP130T-EHumanEsophagusESCC1.65e-031.22e-010.1676
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check button Transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.
TissueExpression DynamicsAbbreviation
EndometriumThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.AEH: Atypical endometrial hyperplasia
EEC: Endometrioid Cancer
EsophagusThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.ESCC: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
HGIN: High-grade intraepithelial neoplasias
LGIN: Low-grade intraepithelial neoplasias
LiverThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma
NAFLD: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
LungThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.AAH: Atypical adenomatous hyperplasia
AIS: Adenocarcinoma in situ
IAC: Invasive lung adenocarcinoma
MIA: Minimally invasive adenocarcinoma
ThyroidThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.ATC: Anaplastic thyroid cancer
HT: Hashimoto's thyroiditis
PTC: Papillary thyroid cancer
∗log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.

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Malignant transformation related pathway analysis

check buttonFind out the enriched GO biological processes and KEGG pathways involved in transition from healthy to precancer to cancer
check button Figure of enriched GO biological processes.
TissueDisease StageEnriched GO biological Processes
ColorectumADGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumSERGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumMSSGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumMSI-HGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumFAPGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
∗Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
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check button Enriched GO biological processes.
GO IDTissueDisease StageDescriptionGene RatioBg Ratiopvaluep.adjustCount
GO:00018196BreastPrecancerpositive regulation of cytokine production52/1080467/187234.18e-061.29e-0452
GO:00714969BreastPrecancercellular response to external stimulus33/1080320/187239.01e-041.03e-0233
GO:00316688BreastPrecancercellular response to extracellular stimulus27/1080246/187231.02e-031.13e-0227
GO:0032732BreastPrecancerpositive regulation of interleukin-1 production11/108073/187232.96e-032.55e-0211
GO:000181911BreastIDCpositive regulation of cytokine production61/1434467/187232.81e-056.58e-0461
GO:007149614BreastIDCcellular response to external stimulus45/1434320/187235.40e-051.15e-0345
GO:003166814BreastIDCcellular response to extracellular stimulus35/1434246/187232.79e-044.26e-0335
GO:00358214BreastIDCmodulation of process of other organism16/1434106/187236.70e-034.66e-0216
GO:000181921BreastDCISpositive regulation of cytokine production63/1390467/187232.76e-069.42e-0563
GO:007149623BreastDCIScellular response to external stimulus45/1390320/187232.55e-055.87e-0445
GO:003166822BreastDCIScellular response to extracellular stimulus35/1390246/187231.54e-042.59e-0335
GO:00327321BreastDCISpositive regulation of interleukin-1 production13/139073/187232.57e-032.30e-0213
GO:0071496ColorectumADcellular response to external stimulus94/3918320/187231.98e-042.64e-0394
GO:0031668ColorectumADcellular response to extracellular stimulus71/3918246/187231.86e-031.52e-0271
GO:0035821ColorectumADmodulation of process of other organism34/3918106/187234.73e-033.22e-0234
GO:00714961ColorectumSERcellular response to external stimulus70/2897320/187231.40e-031.53e-0270
GO:00316681ColorectumSERcellular response to extracellular stimulus54/2897246/187234.26e-033.45e-0254
GO:00714962ColorectumMSScellular response to external stimulus82/3467320/187239.30e-049.44e-0382
GO:00358211ColorectumMSSmodulation of process of other organism33/3467106/187231.18e-031.14e-0233
GO:00316682ColorectumMSScellular response to extracellular stimulus62/3467246/187235.39e-033.67e-0262
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check button Enriched KEGG pathways.
Pathway IDTissueDisease StageDescriptionGene RatioBg Ratiopvaluep.adjustqvalueCount
hsa0541625EndometriumAEHViral myocarditis27/119760/84656.98e-091.13e-078.30e-0827
hsa05416111EndometriumAEHViral myocarditis27/119760/84656.98e-091.13e-078.30e-0827
hsa0541630EsophagusESCCViral myocarditis41/420560/84652.59e-037.05e-033.61e-0341
hsa05416114EsophagusESCCViral myocarditis41/420560/84652.59e-037.05e-033.61e-0341
hsa0541614LiverCirrhoticViral myocarditis28/253060/84654.38e-031.68e-021.03e-0228
hsa0541615LiverCirrhoticViral myocarditis28/253060/84654.38e-031.68e-021.03e-0228
hsa0541616LungIACViral myocarditis21/105360/84655.30e-061.57e-041.04e-0421
hsa054126LungIACArrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy22/105377/84651.15e-041.49e-039.88e-0422
hsa05410LungIACHypertrophic cardiomyopathy20/105390/84656.44e-032.68e-021.78e-0220
hsa05414LungIACDilated cardiomyopathy20/105396/84651.33e-024.64e-023.08e-0220
hsa0541617LungIACViral myocarditis21/105360/84655.30e-061.57e-041.04e-0421
hsa0541211LungIACArrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy22/105377/84651.15e-041.49e-039.88e-0422
hsa054101LungIACHypertrophic cardiomyopathy20/105390/84656.44e-032.68e-021.78e-0220
hsa054141LungIACDilated cardiomyopathy20/105396/84651.33e-024.64e-023.08e-0220
hsa0541622LungAISViral myocarditis19/96160/84652.01e-054.08e-042.61e-0419
hsa0541221LungAISArrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy21/96177/84659.05e-051.18e-037.57e-0421
hsa054142LungAISDilated cardiomyopathy22/96196/84659.02e-047.11e-034.55e-0322
hsa054102LungAISHypertrophic cardiomyopathy20/96190/84652.25e-031.37e-028.80e-0320
hsa0541632LungAISViral myocarditis19/96160/84652.01e-054.08e-042.61e-0419
hsa0541231LungAISArrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy21/96177/84659.05e-051.18e-037.57e-0421
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Cell-cell communication analysis

check buttonIdentification of potential cell-cell interactions between two cell types and their ligand-receptor pairs for different disease states
LigandReceptorLRpairPathwayTissueDisease Stage
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Single-cell gene regulatory network inference analysis

check buttonFind out the significant the regulons (TFs) and the target genes of each regulon across cell types for different disease states
TFCell TypeTissueDisease StageTarget GeneRSSRegulon Activity
∗The dot plots of a searched regulon are shown for all cell subpopulations in each disease state of each tissue based on the regulon specific score inferred using pySCENIC and by calculating the average expression.
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Somatic mutation of malignant transformation related genes

check buttonAnnotation of somatic variants for genes involved in malignant transformation
Hugo SymbolVariant ClassVariant ClassificationdbSNP RSHGVScHGVSpHGVSp ShortSWISSPROTBIOTYPESIFTPolyPhenTumor Sample BarcodeTissueHistologySexAgeStageTherapy TypesDrugsOutcome
DMDSNVMissense_Mutationc.7468N>Ap.Asp2490Asnp.D2490Nprotein_codingdeleterious(0.01)benign(0.343)TCGA-A1-A0SH-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale<65I/IIChemotherapytcSD
DMDSNVMissense_Mutationc.811C>Gp.Gln271Glup.Q271Eprotein_codingtolerated(0.21)benign(0.007)TCGA-A1-A0SI-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale<65I/IIUnknownUnknownSD
DMDSNVMissense_Mutationc.3220G>Ap.Glu1074Lysp.E1074Kprotein_codingdeleterious(0)probably_damaging(0.915)TCGA-A2-A0CO-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale>=65I/IIHormone TherapytamoxiphenCR
DMDSNVMissense_Mutationc.5093N>Ap.Ala1698Aspp.A1698Dprotein_codingdeleterious(0)possibly_damaging(0.739)TCGA-A2-A25A-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale<65I/IIUnspecificCytoxanSD
DMDSNVMissense_Mutationnovelc.6703N>Tp.Ser2235Cysp.S2235Cprotein_codingtolerated(0.07)benign(0.003)TCGA-A2-A3XU-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale<65I/IIHormone TherapyarimidexPD
DMDSNVMissense_Mutationc.3215N>Gp.Lys1072Argp.K1072Rprotein_codingtolerated(0.49)benign(0.358)TCGA-A8-A08L-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale>=65III/IVUnknownUnknownSD
DMDSNVMissense_Mutationrs772695216c.8999G>Ap.Arg3000Hisp.R3000Hprotein_codingtolerated(0.33)benign(0.001)TCGA-A8-A09X-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale<65III/IVUnknownUnknownSD
DMDSNVMissense_Mutationc.3329A>Cp.Glu1110Alap.E1110Aprotein_codingdeleterious(0)possibly_damaging(0.883)TCGA-A8-A09X-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale<65III/IVUnknownUnknownSD
DMDSNVMissense_Mutationc.7687N>Ap.Glu2563Lysp.E2563Kprotein_codingtolerated(0.22)possibly_damaging(0.79)TCGA-AC-A23H-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale>=65I/IIUnknownUnknownPD
DMDSNVMissense_Mutationc.5116N>Ap.Glu1706Lysp.E1706Kprotein_codingtolerated(0.1)probably_damaging(0.991)TCGA-AC-A23H-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale>=65I/IIUnknownUnknownPD
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Related drugs of malignant transformation related genes

check buttonIdentification of chemicals and drugs interact with genes involved in malignant transfromation
(DGIdb 4.0)
Entrez IDSymbolCategoryInteraction TypesDrug Claim NameDrug NamePMIDs
1756DMDCELL SURFACE, TRANSPORTER, DRUGGABLE GENOMEAtalurenATALUREN
1756DMDCELL SURFACE, TRANSPORTER, DRUGGABLE GENOMEWVE-210201
1756DMDCELL SURFACE, TRANSPORTER, DRUGGABLE GENOMEGolodirsenGOLODIRSEN
1756DMDCELL SURFACE, TRANSPORTER, DRUGGABLE GENOMEPRO044
1756DMDCELL SURFACE, TRANSPORTER, DRUGGABLE GENOMEeteplirsenETEPLIRSEN
1756DMDCELL SURFACE, TRANSPORTER, DRUGGABLE GENOMEDYSTROPHIN
1756DMDCELL SURFACE, TRANSPORTER, DRUGGABLE GENOMEMyoDys
1756DMDCELL SURFACE, TRANSPORTER, DRUGGABLE GENOMEBiostrophin
1756DMDCELL SURFACE, TRANSPORTER, DRUGGABLE GENOMEEteplirsenETEPLIRSEN
1756DMDCELL SURFACE, TRANSPORTER, DRUGGABLE GENOMEGolodirsenGOLODIRSEN
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