Schematic overview of the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the cancer progression, including the proposed cellular and molecular mechanisms in cancer cells trajectory. AT1: alveolar type 1 cells; AT2: alveolar type 2 cells; AAH: atypical adenomatous hyperplasia; AIS: adenocarcinoma in situ; MIA: minimally invasive adenocarcinoma; IA: invasive adenocarcinoma; EMT: epithelial-mesenchymal transition

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Center for Computational Systems Medicine
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Gene summary

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Malignant transformation analysis

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Malignant transformation related pathway analysis

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Cell-cell communication analysis

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Single-cell gene regulatory network inference analysis

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Somatic mutation of malignant transformation related genes

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Related drugs of malignant transformation related genes

Gene: CDKN2A

Gene summary for CDKN2A

check button Gene summary.

Gene informationSpeciesHuman
Gene symbol

CDKN2A

Gene ID

1029

Gene namecyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A
Gene AliasARF
Cytomap9p21.3
Gene Typeprotein-coding
GO ID

GO:0000079

UniProtAcc

K7PML8


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Malignant transformation analysis

check button Identification of the aberrant gene expression in precancerous and cancerous lesions by comparing the gene expression of stem-like cells in diseased tissues with normal stem cells
check button Malignant transformation involving gene list.
Entrez IDSymbolReplicatesSpeciesOrganTissueAdj P-valueLog2FCMalignancy
1029CDKN2AGSM4909281HumanBreastIDC7.28e-1011.29e+000.21
1029CDKN2AGSM4909282HumanBreastIDC8.83e-1011.36e+00-0.0288
1029CDKN2AGSM4909285HumanBreastIDC2.08e-1341.64e+000.21
1029CDKN2AGSM4909286HumanBreastIDC5.88e-061.22e-010.1081
1029CDKN2AGSM4909287HumanBreastIDC1.26e-481.01e+000.2057
1029CDKN2AGSM4909296HumanBreastIDC3.61e-052.95e-010.1524
1029CDKN2AGSM4909301HumanBreastIDC9.80e-031.26e-010.1577
1029CDKN2AGSM4909307HumanBreastIDC3.54e-041.23e-010.1569
1029CDKN2AGSM4909308HumanBreastIDC2.14e-021.96e-010.158
1029CDKN2AGSM4909321HumanBreastIDC1.64e-114.24e-010.1559
1029CDKN2Abrca2HumanBreastPrecancer3.88e-021.36e-01-0.024
1029CDKN2AM2HumanBreastIDC5.82e-097.98e-010.21
1029CDKN2ANCCBC3HumanBreastDCIS1.52e-028.36e-020.1198
1029CDKN2AP2HumanBreastIDC1.20e-187.47e-010.21
1029CDKN2ACA_HPV_2HumanCervixCC1.86e-287.13e-010.0391
1029CDKN2AHSIL_HPV_2HumanCervixHSIL_HPV1.78e-195.54e-010.0208
1029CDKN2ACCI_1HumanCervixCC6.57e-271.62e+000.528
1029CDKN2ACCI_2HumanCervixCC5.09e-482.39e+000.5249
1029CDKN2ACCI_3HumanCervixCC1.63e-261.40e+000.516
1029CDKN2ATumorHumanCervixCC1.86e-1131.50e+000.1241
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check button Transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.
TissueExpression DynamicsAbbreviation
BreastThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.IDC: Invasive ductal carcinoma
DCIS: Ductal carcinoma in situ
Precancer(BRCA1-mut): Precancerous lesion from BRCA1 mutation carriers
CervixThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.CC: Cervix cancer
HSIL_HPV: HPV-infected high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions
N_HPV: HPV-infected normal cervix
EndometriumThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.AEH: Atypical endometrial hyperplasia
EEC: Endometrioid Cancer
EsophagusThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.ESCC: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
HGIN: High-grade intraepithelial neoplasias
LGIN: Low-grade intraepithelial neoplasias
GCThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.CAG: Chronic atrophic gastritis
CAG with IM: Chronic atrophic gastritis with intestinal metaplasia
CSG: Chronic superficial gastritis
GC: Gastric cancer
SIM: Severe intestinal metaplasia
WIM: Wild intestinal metaplasia
LiverThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma
NAFLD: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
LungThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.AAH: Atypical adenomatous hyperplasia
AIS: Adenocarcinoma in situ
IAC: Invasive lung adenocarcinoma
MIA: Minimally invasive adenocarcinoma
Oral CavityThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.EOLP: Erosive Oral lichen planus
LP: leukoplakia
NEOLP: Non-erosive oral lichen planus
OSCC: Oral squamous cell carcinoma
ProstateThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.BPH: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
SkinThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.AK: Actinic keratosis
cSCC: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
SCCIS:squamous cell carcinoma in situ
ThyroidThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.ATC: Anaplastic thyroid cancer
HT: Hashimoto's thyroiditis
PTC: Papillary thyroid cancer
∗log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.

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Malignant transformation related pathway analysis

check buttonFind out the enriched GO biological processes and KEGG pathways involved in transition from healthy to precancer to cancer
check button Figure of enriched GO biological processes.
TissueDisease StageEnriched GO biological Processes
ColorectumADGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumSERGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumMSSGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumMSI-HGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumFAPGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
∗Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
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check button Enriched GO biological processes.
GO IDTissueDisease StageDescriptionGene RatioBg Ratiopvaluep.adjustCount
GO:00075688BreastPrecanceraging41/1080339/187235.95e-061.71e-0441
GO:00160497BreastPrecancercell growth46/1080482/187235.63e-047.16e-0346
GO:00075694BreastPrecancercell aging17/1080132/187231.55e-031.59e-0217
GO:00015587BreastPrecancerregulation of cell growth39/1080414/187231.81e-031.78e-0239
GO:00903423BreastPrecancerregulation of cell aging10/108061/187232.40e-032.21e-0210
GO:00513489BreastPrecancernegative regulation of transferase activity27/1080268/187233.49e-032.90e-0227
GO:0033028BreastPrecancermyeloid cell apoptotic process6/108029/187235.49e-034.01e-026
GO:0006925BreastPrecancerinflammatory cell apoptotic process5/108021/187235.93e-034.21e-025
GO:2000106BreastPrecancerregulation of leukocyte apoptotic process11/108081/187236.65e-034.57e-0211
GO:000756813BreastIDCaging52/1434339/187231.14e-065.10e-0552
GO:005134814BreastIDCnegative regulation of transferase activity39/1434268/187237.89e-051.56e-0339
GO:00459369BreastIDCnegative regulation of phosphate metabolic process53/1434441/187237.21e-048.79e-0353
GO:00105639BreastIDCnegative regulation of phosphorus metabolic process53/1434442/187237.60e-049.25e-0353
GO:001604913BreastIDCcell growth56/1434482/187231.16e-031.26e-0256
GO:000155813BreastIDCregulation of cell growth49/1434414/187231.55e-031.55e-0249
GO:00071625BreastIDCnegative regulation of cell adhesion37/1434303/187233.27e-032.75e-0237
GO:000756912BreastIDCcell aging19/1434132/187235.63e-034.08e-0219
GO:00108109BreastIDCregulation of cell-substrate adhesion28/1434221/187235.88e-034.24e-0228
GO:00903421BreastIDCregulation of cell aging11/143461/187236.10e-034.36e-0211
GO:00064699BreastIDCnegative regulation of protein kinase activity27/1434212/187236.30e-034.47e-0227
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check button Enriched KEGG pathways.
Pathway IDTissueDisease StageDescriptionGene RatioBg Ratiopvaluep.adjustqvalueCount
hsa042189BreastPrecancerCellular senescence29/684156/84651.66e-051.69e-041.30e-0429
hsa0516618BreastPrecancerHuman T-cell leukemia virus 1 infection33/684222/84654.29e-043.31e-032.53e-0333
hsa0516316BreastPrecancerHuman cytomegalovirus infection32/684225/84651.13e-037.57e-035.80e-0332
hsa052196BreastPrecancerBladder cancer9/68441/84654.65e-032.72e-022.08e-029
hsa052036BreastPrecancerViral carcinogenesis27/684204/84657.19e-034.06e-023.11e-0227
hsa0421814BreastPrecancerCellular senescence29/684156/84651.66e-051.69e-041.30e-0429
hsa0516619BreastPrecancerHuman T-cell leukemia virus 1 infection33/684222/84654.29e-043.31e-032.53e-0333
hsa0516317BreastPrecancerHuman cytomegalovirus infection32/684225/84651.13e-037.57e-035.80e-0332
hsa0521913BreastPrecancerBladder cancer9/68441/84654.65e-032.72e-022.08e-029
hsa0520312BreastPrecancerViral carcinogenesis27/684204/84657.19e-034.06e-023.11e-0227
hsa0421824BreastIDCCellular senescence35/867156/84655.49e-067.43e-055.56e-0535
hsa0516624BreastIDCHuman T-cell leukemia virus 1 infection40/867222/84652.52e-042.21e-031.66e-0340
hsa0516324BreastIDCHuman cytomegalovirus infection39/867225/84656.66e-045.41e-034.05e-0339
hsa0520322BreastIDCViral carcinogenesis34/867204/84652.82e-031.86e-021.39e-0234
hsa041157BreastIDCp53 signaling pathway16/86774/84652.86e-031.86e-021.39e-0216
hsa052147BreastIDCGlioma16/86775/84653.30e-032.10e-021.57e-0216
hsa0521921BreastIDCBladder cancer10/86741/84657.07e-033.54e-022.65e-0210
hsa0522010BreastIDCChronic myeloid leukemia15/86776/84659.24e-034.37e-023.27e-0215
hsa0421834BreastIDCCellular senescence35/867156/84655.49e-067.43e-055.56e-0535
hsa0516634BreastIDCHuman T-cell leukemia virus 1 infection40/867222/84652.52e-042.21e-031.66e-0340
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Cell-cell communication analysis

check buttonIdentification of potential cell-cell interactions between two cell types and their ligand-receptor pairs for different disease states
LigandReceptorLRpairPathwayTissueDisease Stage
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Single-cell gene regulatory network inference analysis

check buttonFind out the significant the regulons (TFs) and the target genes of each regulon across cell types for different disease states
TFCell TypeTissueDisease StageTarget GeneRSSRegulon Activity
∗The dot plots of a searched regulon are shown for all cell subpopulations in each disease state of each tissue based on the regulon specific score inferred using pySCENIC and by calculating the average expression.
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Somatic mutation of malignant transformation related genes

check buttonAnnotation of somatic variants for genes involved in malignant transformation
Hugo SymbolVariant ClassVariant ClassificationdbSNP RSHGVScHGVSpHGVSp ShortSWISSPROTBIOTYPESIFTPolyPhenTumor Sample BarcodeTissueHistologySexAgeStageTherapy TypesDrugsOutcome
CDKN2AdeletionFrame_Shift_Delnovelc.235_236delACp.Thr79ProfsTer40p.T79Pfs*40P42771protein_codingTCGA-LQ-A4E4-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale>=65III/IVHormone TherapyanastrozolePD
CDKN2ASNVMissense_Mutationc.395N>Tp.Ala132Valp.A132VP42771protein_codingtolerated(0.07)benign(0.012)TCGA-2W-A8YY-01Cervixcervical & endocervical cancerFemale<65I/IIChemotherapycisplatinCR
CDKN2ASNVMissense_Mutationc.437N>Gp.Asp146Glyp.D146GP42771protein_codingtolerated_low_confidence(0.08)benign(0.001)TCGA-C5-A2LT-01Cervixcervical & endocervical cancerFemale<65I/IIChemotherapycisplatinSD
CDKN2ASNVMissense_Mutationnovelc.23N>Tp.Ser8Ilep.S8IP42771protein_codingdeleterious_low_confidence(0.03)possibly_damaging(0.73)TCGA-C5-A905-01Cervixcervical & endocervical cancerFemale<65I/IIUnknownUnknownSD
CDKN2ASNVMissense_Mutationc.22N>Cp.Ser8Argp.S8RP42771protein_codingtolerated_low_confidence(0.18)possibly_damaging(0.64)TCGA-C5-A905-01Cervixcervical & endocervical cancerFemale<65I/IIUnknownUnknownSD
CDKN2ASNVMissense_Mutationc.262N>Ap.Glu88Lysp.E88KP42771protein_codingdeleterious(0.04)possibly_damaging(0.485)TCGA-EK-A2PM-01Cervixcervical & endocervical cancerFemale>=65I/IIUnknownUnknownSD
CDKN2ASNVMissense_Mutationc.383N>Ap.Arg128Glnp.R128QP42771protein_codingtolerated(0.36)benign(0.001)TCGA-AD-6901-01Colorectumcolon adenocarcinomaMale>=65I/IIChemotherapyxelodaPD
CDKN2ASNVMissense_Mutationrs755927351c.391N>Tp.Arg131Cysp.R131CP42771protein_codingdeleterious(0)probably_damaging(0.978)TCGA-AP-A0LM-01Endometriumuterine corpus endometrioid carcinomaFemale<65III/IVChemotherapycisplatinSD
CDKN2ASNVMissense_Mutationrs876659307c.443N>Tp.Ala148Valp.A148VP42771protein_codingtolerated_low_confidence(0.1)benign(0)TCGA-AX-A2HC-01Endometriumuterine corpus endometrioid carcinomaFemale<65III/IVChemotherapypaclitaxelPD
CDKN2ASNVMissense_Mutationc.500C>Tp.Ala167Valp.A167VP42771protein_codingunknown(0)TCGA-B5-A3FC-01Endometriumuterine corpus endometrioid carcinomaFemale<65I/IIUnknownUnknownSD
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Related drugs of malignant transformation related genes

check buttonIdentification of chemicals and drugs interact with genes involved in malignant transfromation
(DGIdb 4.0)
Entrez IDSymbolCategoryInteraction TypesDrug Claim NameDrug NamePMIDs
1029CDKN2ACLINICALLY ACTIONABLE, DRUG RESISTANCE, KINASE, TUMOR SUPPRESSORON-01910RIGOSERTIB25156567
1029CDKN2ACLINICALLY ACTIONABLE, DRUG RESISTANCE, KINASE, TUMOR SUPPRESSORLY2835219ABEMACICLIB
1029CDKN2ACLINICALLY ACTIONABLE, DRUG RESISTANCE, KINASE, TUMOR SUPPRESSORAlvocidibALVOCIDIB12777976
1029CDKN2ACLINICALLY ACTIONABLE, DRUG RESISTANCE, KINASE, TUMOR SUPPRESSORPalbociclibPALBOCICLIB
1029CDKN2ACLINICALLY ACTIONABLE, DRUG RESISTANCE, KINASE, TUMOR SUPPRESSORBAY1000394
1029CDKN2ACLINICALLY ACTIONABLE, DRUG RESISTANCE, KINASE, TUMOR SUPPRESSORLETROZOLELETROZOLE26715889
1029CDKN2ACLINICALLY ACTIONABLE, DRUG RESISTANCE, KINASE, TUMOR SUPPRESSORVEMURAFENIBVEMURAFENIB24265155
1029CDKN2ACLINICALLY ACTIONABLE, DRUG RESISTANCE, KINASE, TUMOR SUPPRESSORPD 0332991
1029CDKN2ACLINICALLY ACTIONABLE, DRUG RESISTANCE, KINASE, TUMOR SUPPRESSORZK30470918829975
1029CDKN2ACLINICALLY ACTIONABLE, DRUG RESISTANCE, KINASE, TUMOR SUPPRESSORSapanisertibSAPANISERTIB25261369
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