Schematic overview of the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the cancer progression, including the proposed cellular and molecular mechanisms in cancer cells trajectory. AT1: alveolar type 1 cells; AT2: alveolar type 2 cells; AAH: atypical adenomatous hyperplasia; AIS: adenocarcinoma in situ; MIA: minimally invasive adenocarcinoma; IA: invasive adenocarcinoma; EMT: epithelial-mesenchymal transition

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Center for Computational Systems Medicine
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Gene summary

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Malignant transformation analysis

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Malignant transformation related pathway analysis

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Cell-cell communication analysis

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Single-cell gene regulatory network inference analysis

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Somatic mutation of malignant transformation related genes

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Related drugs of malignant transformation related genes

Gene: PAK1

Gene summary for PAK1

check button Gene summary.

Gene informationSpeciesHuman
Gene symbol

PAK1

Gene ID

5058

Gene namep21 (RAC1) activated kinase 1
Gene AliasIDDMSSD
Cytomap11q13.5-q14.1
Gene Typeprotein-coding
GO ID

GO:0000165

UniProtAcc

Q13153


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Malignant transformation analysis

check button Identification of the aberrant gene expression in precancerous and cancerous lesions by comparing the gene expression of stem-like cells in diseased tissues with normal stem cells
check button Malignant transformation involving gene list.
Entrez IDSymbolReplicatesSpeciesOrganTissueAdj P-valueLog2FCMalignancy
5058PAK1GSM4909298HumanBreastIDC3.08e-406.68e-010.1551
5058PAK1GSM4909311HumanBreastIDC5.44e-037.34e-040.1534
5058PAK1GSM4909319HumanBreastIDC2.52e-05-1.05e-010.1563
5058PAK1M5HumanBreastIDC1.90e-171.14e+000.1598
5058PAK1P1HumanBreastIDC3.63e-02-4.05e-020.1527
5058PAK1P3HumanBreastIDC5.03e-076.75e-010.1542
5058PAK1DCIS2HumanBreastDCIS6.51e-261.62e-020.0085
5058PAK1HTA11_3410_2000001011HumanColorectumAD1.40e-07-3.60e-010.0155
5058PAK1HTA11_347_2000001011HumanColorectumAD1.08e-105.36e-01-0.1954
5058PAK1HTA11_411_2000001011HumanColorectumSER5.60e-068.85e-01-0.2602
5058PAK1HTA11_99999965104_69814HumanColorectumMSS7.17e-034.66e-010.281
5058PAK1HTA11_99999974143_84620HumanColorectumMSS7.76e-04-3.28e-010.3005
5058PAK1A001-C-207HumanColorectumFAP3.99e-02-1.76e-010.1278
5058PAK1A015-C-203HumanColorectumFAP1.14e-28-4.50e-01-0.1294
5058PAK1A015-C-204HumanColorectumFAP8.87e-09-4.78e-01-0.0228
5058PAK1A014-C-040HumanColorectumFAP8.12e-03-4.15e-01-0.1184
5058PAK1A002-C-201HumanColorectumFAP6.27e-15-4.77e-010.0324
5058PAK1A001-C-119HumanColorectumFAP1.07e-06-4.71e-01-0.1557
5058PAK1A001-C-108HumanColorectumFAP5.72e-23-4.29e-01-0.0272
5058PAK1A002-C-205HumanColorectumFAP6.42e-22-4.86e-01-0.1236
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check button Transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.
TissueExpression DynamicsAbbreviation
BreastThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.IDC: Invasive ductal carcinoma
DCIS: Ductal carcinoma in situ
Precancer(BRCA1-mut): Precancerous lesion from BRCA1 mutation carriers
Colorectum (GSE201348)The image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.FAP: Familial adenomatous polyposis
CRC: Colorectal cancer
Colorectum (HTA11)The image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.AD: Adenomas
SER: Sessile serrated lesions
MSI-H: Microsatellite-high colorectal cancer
MSS: Microsatellite stable colorectal cancer
EndometriumThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.AEH: Atypical endometrial hyperplasia
EEC: Endometrioid Cancer
EsophagusThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.ESCC: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
HGIN: High-grade intraepithelial neoplasias
LGIN: Low-grade intraepithelial neoplasias
LiverThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma
NAFLD: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
LungThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.AAH: Atypical adenomatous hyperplasia
AIS: Adenocarcinoma in situ
IAC: Invasive lung adenocarcinoma
MIA: Minimally invasive adenocarcinoma
Oral CavityThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.EOLP: Erosive Oral lichen planus
LP: leukoplakia
NEOLP: Non-erosive oral lichen planus
OSCC: Oral squamous cell carcinoma
SkinThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.AK: Actinic keratosis
cSCC: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
SCCIS:squamous cell carcinoma in situ
ThyroidThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.ATC: Anaplastic thyroid cancer
HT: Hashimoto's thyroiditis
PTC: Papillary thyroid cancer
∗log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.

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Malignant transformation related pathway analysis

check buttonFind out the enriched GO biological processes and KEGG pathways involved in transition from healthy to precancer to cancer
check button Figure of enriched GO biological processes.
TissueDisease StageEnriched GO biological Processes
ColorectumADGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumSERGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumMSSGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumMSI-HGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumFAPGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
∗Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
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check button Enriched GO biological processes.
GO IDTissueDisease StageDescriptionGene RatioBg Ratiopvaluep.adjustCount
GO:003227120Oral cavityOSCCregulation of protein polymerization134/7305233/187237.20e-091.51e-07134
GO:003052218Oral cavityOSCCintracellular receptor signaling pathway149/7305265/187238.69e-091.81e-07149
GO:000701520Oral cavityOSCCactin filament organization230/7305442/187231.37e-082.77e-07230
GO:190547516Oral cavityOSCCregulation of protein localization to membrane105/7305175/187231.42e-082.85e-07105
GO:00028317Oral cavityOSCCregulation of response to biotic stimulus177/7305327/187231.73e-083.43e-07177
GO:003297020Oral cavityOSCCregulation of actin filament-based process209/7305397/187231.89e-083.72e-07209
GO:003253519Oral cavityOSCCregulation of cellular component size201/7305383/187234.80e-088.88e-07201
GO:190179620Oral cavityOSCCregulation of signal transduction by p53 class mediator62/730593/187235.99e-081.09e-0662
GO:003295620Oral cavityOSCCregulation of actin cytoskeleton organization189/7305358/187236.81e-081.21e-06189
GO:011005320Oral cavityOSCCregulation of actin filament organization150/7305278/187232.68e-074.15e-06150
GO:00107209Oral cavityOSCCpositive regulation of cell development159/7305298/187233.06e-074.66e-06159
GO:003286916Oral cavityOSCCcellular response to insulin stimulus114/7305203/187235.07e-077.41e-06114
GO:00459266Oral cavityOSCCnegative regulation of growth135/7305249/187237.29e-071.03e-05135
GO:00434054Oral cavityOSCCregulation of MAP kinase activity101/7305177/187238.13e-071.12e-05101
GO:00070204Oral cavityOSCCmicrotubule nucleation28/730535/187238.71e-071.19e-0528
GO:00182098Oral cavityOSCCpeptidyl-serine modification175/7305338/187231.09e-061.46e-05175
GO:007137510Oral cavityOSCCcellular response to peptide hormone stimulus153/7305290/187231.23e-061.63e-05153
GO:001810510Oral cavityOSCCpeptidyl-serine phosphorylation164/7305315/187231.51e-061.99e-05164
GO:004343419Oral cavityOSCCresponse to peptide hormone208/7305414/187231.83e-062.35e-05208
GO:00467779Oral cavityOSCCprotein autophosphorylation123/7305227/187232.31e-062.93e-05123
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check button Enriched KEGG pathways.
Pathway IDTissueDisease StageDescriptionGene RatioBg Ratiopvaluep.adjustqvalueCount
hsa0513224BreastIDCSalmonella infection55/867249/84652.07e-084.49e-073.36e-0755
hsa0513024BreastIDCPathogenic Escherichia coli infection42/867197/84652.66e-063.92e-052.94e-0542
hsa0520523BreastIDCProteoglycans in cancer42/867205/84657.69e-069.99e-057.48e-0542
hsa0513234BreastIDCSalmonella infection55/867249/84652.07e-084.49e-073.36e-0755
hsa0513034BreastIDCPathogenic Escherichia coli infection42/867197/84652.66e-063.92e-052.94e-0542
hsa0520533BreastIDCProteoglycans in cancer42/867205/84657.69e-069.99e-057.48e-0542
hsa0513243BreastDCISSalmonella infection55/846249/84658.71e-091.87e-071.38e-0755
hsa0520542BreastDCISProteoglycans in cancer39/846205/84655.36e-055.58e-044.11e-0439
hsa0481023BreastDCISRegulation of actin cytoskeleton35/846229/84656.89e-033.37e-022.48e-0235
hsa0513253BreastDCISSalmonella infection55/846249/84658.71e-091.87e-071.38e-0755
hsa0520552BreastDCISProteoglycans in cancer39/846205/84655.36e-055.58e-044.11e-0439
hsa0481033BreastDCISRegulation of actin cytoskeleton35/846229/84656.89e-033.37e-022.48e-0235
hsa05132ColorectumADSalmonella infection102/2092249/84657.65e-091.28e-078.17e-08102
hsa04666ColorectumADFc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis46/209297/84659.10e-071.22e-057.77e-0646
hsa05130ColorectumADPathogenic Escherichia coli infection79/2092197/84651.05e-061.36e-058.65e-0679
hsa05205ColorectumADProteoglycans in cancer70/2092205/84651.37e-038.46e-035.39e-0370
hsa05170ColorectumADHuman immunodeficiency virus 1 infection72/2092212/84651.40e-038.46e-035.39e-0372
hsa05211ColorectumADRenal cell carcinoma28/209269/84652.58e-031.37e-028.75e-0328
hsa04810ColorectumADRegulation of actin cytoskeleton75/2092229/84653.36e-031.76e-021.12e-0275
hsa04360ColorectumADAxon guidance61/2092182/84654.36e-032.17e-021.38e-0261
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Cell-cell communication analysis

check buttonIdentification of potential cell-cell interactions between two cell types and their ligand-receptor pairs for different disease states
LigandReceptorLRpairPathwayTissueDisease Stage
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Single-cell gene regulatory network inference analysis

check buttonFind out the significant the regulons (TFs) and the target genes of each regulon across cell types for different disease states
TFCell TypeTissueDisease StageTarget GeneRSSRegulon Activity
∗The dot plots of a searched regulon are shown for all cell subpopulations in each disease state of each tissue based on the regulon specific score inferred using pySCENIC and by calculating the average expression.
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Somatic mutation of malignant transformation related genes

check buttonAnnotation of somatic variants for genes involved in malignant transformation
Hugo SymbolVariant ClassVariant ClassificationdbSNP RSHGVScHGVSpHGVSp ShortSWISSPROTBIOTYPESIFTPolyPhenTumor Sample BarcodeTissueHistologySexAgeStageTherapy TypesDrugsOutcome
PAK1SNVMissense_Mutationc.184N>Ap.Asp62Asnp.D62NQ13153protein_codingtolerated(0.38)benign(0.033)TCGA-A2-A0CX-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale<65I/IIChemotherapyadriamycinSD
PAK1SNVMissense_Mutationc.1114G>Ap.Glu372Lysp.E372KQ13153protein_codingdeleterious(0)probably_damaging(0.971)TCGA-AC-A23H-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale>=65I/IIUnknownUnknownPD
PAK1SNVMissense_Mutationc.229N>Ap.Leu77Ilep.L77IQ13153protein_codingtolerated(0.41)benign(0.236)TCGA-BH-A0HO-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale<65I/IIChemotherapycyclophosphamideSD
PAK1SNVMissense_Mutationc.1593N>Cp.Met531Ilep.M531IQ13153protein_codingtolerated_low_confidence(0.54)benign(0)TCGA-C8-A1HM-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale>=65I/IIChemotherapydoxorubicinCR
PAK1SNVMissense_Mutationc.113N>Gp.Ser38Cysp.S38CQ13153protein_codingtolerated(0.17)probably_damaging(0.917)TCGA-D8-A27G-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale>=65I/IIUnknownUnknownSD
PAK1insertionNonsense_Mutationnovelc.226_227insGTGCACATGTATATATATGTATGCAAGAATTTTAATTTTp.Ile75_Ser76insCysAlaHisValTyrIleCysMetGlnGluPheTerPhep.I75_S76insCAHVYICMQEF*FQ13153protein_codingTCGA-BH-A0HO-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale<65I/IIChemotherapycyclophosphamideSD
PAK1SNVMissense_Mutationc.1532C>Tp.Ser511Leup.S511LQ13153protein_codingdeleterious(0)benign(0.135)TCGA-UC-A7PF-01Cervixcervical & endocervical cancerFemale<65I/IIUnknownUnknownSD
PAK1SNVMissense_Mutationnovelc.946A>Gp.Ile316Valp.I316VQ13153protein_codingdeleterious(0)possibly_damaging(0.748)TCGA-AA-3710-01Colorectumcolon adenocarcinomaFemale>=65I/IIUnknownUnknownSD
PAK1SNVMissense_Mutationnovelc.80N>Ap.Gly27Aspp.G27DQ13153protein_codingdeleterious_low_confidence(0.04)benign(0.02)TCGA-AA-3984-01Colorectumcolon adenocarcinomaFemale<65I/IIUnknownUnknownSD
PAK1SNVMissense_Mutationc.95N>Ap.Gly32Glup.G32EQ13153protein_codingtolerated(1)benign(0.007)TCGA-AA-A010-01Colorectumcolon adenocarcinomaFemale<65I/IIChemotherapyfolinicCR
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Related drugs of malignant transformation related genes

check buttonIdentification of chemicals and drugs interact with genes involved in malignant transfromation
(DGIdb 4.0)
Entrez IDSymbolCategoryInteraction TypesDrug Claim NameDrug NamePMIDs
5058PAK1KINASE, SERINE THREONINE KINASE, CLINICALLY ACTIONABLE, ENZYME, DRUGGABLE GENOMEAZD-1152-HQPAAZD-1152-HQPA
5058PAK1KINASE, SERINE THREONINE KINASE, CLINICALLY ACTIONABLE, ENZYME, DRUGGABLE GENOMETOZASERTIBTOZASERTIB
5058PAK1KINASE, SERINE THREONINE KINASE, CLINICALLY ACTIONABLE, ENZYME, DRUGGABLE GENOMEILORASERTIBILORASERTIB
5058PAK1KINASE, SERINE THREONINE KINASE, CLINICALLY ACTIONABLE, ENZYME, DRUGGABLE GENOMEallosteric modulator310264717
5058PAK1KINASE, SERINE THREONINE KINASE, CLINICALLY ACTIONABLE, ENZYME, DRUGGABLE GENOMEMLN-8054MLN-8054
5058PAK1KINASE, SERINE THREONINE KINASE, CLINICALLY ACTIONABLE, ENZYME, DRUGGABLE GENOMEinhibitor310264719
5058PAK1KINASE, SERINE THREONINE KINASE, CLINICALLY ACTIONABLE, ENZYME, DRUGGABLE GENOMEinhibitor249565861
5058PAK1KINASE, SERINE THREONINE KINASE, CLINICALLY ACTIONABLE, ENZYME, DRUGGABLE GENOMERG-1530RG-1530
5058PAK1KINASE, SERINE THREONINE KINASE, CLINICALLY ACTIONABLE, ENZYME, DRUGGABLE GENOMEPF-562271PF-00562271
5058PAK1KINASE, SERINE THREONINE KINASE, CLINICALLY ACTIONABLE, ENZYME, DRUGGABLE GENOMETAE-684TAE-684
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