Schematic overview of the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the cancer progression, including the proposed cellular and molecular mechanisms in cancer cells trajectory. AT1: alveolar type 1 cells; AT2: alveolar type 2 cells; AAH: atypical adenomatous hyperplasia; AIS: adenocarcinoma in situ; MIA: minimally invasive adenocarcinoma; IA: invasive adenocarcinoma; EMT: epithelial-mesenchymal transition

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Center for Computational Systems Medicine
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Gene summary

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Malignant transformation analysis

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Malignant transformation related pathway analysis

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Cell-cell communication analysis

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Single-cell gene regulatory network inference analysis

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Somatic mutation of malignant transformation related genes

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Related drugs of malignant transformation related genes

Gene: PARP1

Gene summary for PARP1

check button Gene summary.

Gene informationSpeciesHuman
Gene symbol

PARP1

Gene ID

142

Gene namepoly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1
Gene AliasADPRT
Cytomap1q42.12
Gene Typeprotein-coding
GO ID

GO:0000002

UniProtAcc

A0A024R3T8


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Malignant transformation analysis

check button Identification of the aberrant gene expression in precancerous and cancerous lesions by comparing the gene expression of stem-like cells in diseased tissues with normal stem cells
check button Malignant transformation involving gene list.
Entrez IDSymbolReplicatesSpeciesOrganTissueAdj P-valueLog2FCMalignancy
142PARP1GSM4909281HumanBreastIDC7.32e-184.57e-010.21
142PARP1GSM4909282HumanBreastIDC8.79e-042.75e-01-0.0288
142PARP1GSM4909285HumanBreastIDC1.48e-376.11e-010.21
142PARP1GSM4909286HumanBreastIDC6.97e-133.28e-010.1081
142PARP1GSM4909287HumanBreastIDC1.27e-043.52e-010.2057
142PARP1GSM4909290HumanBreastIDC3.16e-043.44e-010.2096
142PARP1GSM4909293HumanBreastIDC2.71e-406.55e-010.1581
142PARP1GSM4909298HumanBreastIDC3.17e-082.63e-010.1551
142PARP1GSM4909301HumanBreastIDC1.67e-022.40e-010.1577
142PARP1GSM4909306HumanBreastIDC5.53e-143.82e-010.1564
142PARP1GSM4909307HumanBreastIDC3.77e-154.99e-010.1569
142PARP1GSM4909308HumanBreastIDC4.28e-256.54e-010.158
142PARP1GSM4909311HumanBreastIDC4.76e-07-8.56e-020.1534
142PARP1GSM4909317HumanBreastIDC2.37e-022.31e-010.1355
142PARP1GSM4909319HumanBreastIDC1.39e-261.94e-010.1563
142PARP1brca2HumanBreastPrecancer2.79e-082.01e-01-0.024
142PARP1brca3HumanBreastPrecancer6.18e-042.33e-01-0.0263
142PARP1M2HumanBreastIDC3.08e-117.43e-010.21
142PARP1NCCBC14HumanBreastDCIS4.43e-227.15e-010.2021
142PARP1NCCBC3HumanBreastDCIS4.66e-032.62e-010.1198
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check button Transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.
TissueExpression DynamicsAbbreviation
BreastThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.IDC: Invasive ductal carcinoma
DCIS: Ductal carcinoma in situ
Precancer(BRCA1-mut): Precancerous lesion from BRCA1 mutation carriers
Colorectum (GSE201348)The image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.FAP: Familial adenomatous polyposis
CRC: Colorectal cancer
Colorectum (HTA11)The image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.AD: Adenomas
SER: Sessile serrated lesions
MSI-H: Microsatellite-high colorectal cancer
MSS: Microsatellite stable colorectal cancer
EsophagusThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.ESCC: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
HGIN: High-grade intraepithelial neoplasias
LGIN: Low-grade intraepithelial neoplasias
LiverThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma
NAFLD: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Oral CavityThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.EOLP: Erosive Oral lichen planus
LP: leukoplakia
NEOLP: Non-erosive oral lichen planus
OSCC: Oral squamous cell carcinoma
ProstateThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.BPH: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
SkinThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.AK: Actinic keratosis
cSCC: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
SCCIS:squamous cell carcinoma in situ
ThyroidThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.ATC: Anaplastic thyroid cancer
HT: Hashimoto's thyroiditis
PTC: Papillary thyroid cancer
∗log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.

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Malignant transformation related pathway analysis

check buttonFind out the enriched GO biological processes and KEGG pathways involved in transition from healthy to precancer to cancer
check button Figure of enriched GO biological processes.
TissueDisease StageEnriched GO biological Processes
ColorectumADGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumSERGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumMSSGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumMSI-HGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumFAPGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
∗Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
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check button Enriched GO biological processes.
GO IDTissueDisease StageDescriptionGene RatioBg Ratiopvaluep.adjustCount
GO:00061647BreastPrecancerpurine nucleotide biosynthetic process28/1080191/187235.04e-061.52e-0428
GO:00086318BreastPrecancerintrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to oxidative stress12/108045/187236.23e-061.76e-0412
GO:00725219BreastPrecancerpurine-containing compound metabolic process47/1080416/187238.19e-062.20e-0447
GO:00725227BreastPrecancerpurine-containing compound biosynthetic process28/1080200/187231.23e-053.17e-0428
GO:00103323BreastPrecancerresponse to gamma radiation13/108056/187231.35e-053.38e-0413
GO:00713838BreastPrecancercellular response to steroid hormone stimulus28/1080204/187231.78e-054.26e-0428
GO:00091655BreastPrecancernucleotide biosynthetic process32/1080254/187232.72e-056.21e-0432
GO:00364739BreastPrecancercell death in response to oxidative stress17/108095/187232.74e-056.21e-0417
GO:19012935BreastPrecancernucleoside phosphate biosynthetic process32/1080256/187233.18e-056.97e-0432
GO:19004079BreastPrecancerregulation of cellular response to oxidative stress16/108089/187234.42e-059.42e-0416
GO:00108338BreastPrecancertelomere maintenance via telomere lengthening15/108081/187235.31e-051.11e-0315
GO:00007238BreastPrecancertelomere maintenance20/1080131/187236.10e-051.25e-0320
GO:00025737BreastPrecancermyeloid leukocyte differentiation27/1080208/187236.72e-051.35e-0327
GO:00093148BreastPrecancerresponse to radiation47/1080456/187238.39e-051.62e-0347
GO:00712147BreastPrecancercellular response to abiotic stimulus37/1080331/187239.12e-051.73e-0337
GO:01040047BreastPrecancercellular response to environmental stimulus37/1080331/187239.12e-051.73e-0337
GO:00102125BreastPrecancerresponse to ionizing radiation21/1080148/187231.19e-042.13e-0321
GO:19035789BreastPrecancerregulation of ATP metabolic process15/108087/187231.24e-042.21e-0315
GO:19012169BreastPrecancerpositive regulation of neuron death16/108097/187231.29e-042.24e-0316
GO:19028829BreastPrecancerregulation of response to oxidative stress16/108098/187231.46e-042.50e-0316
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check button Enriched KEGG pathways.
Pathway IDTissueDisease StageDescriptionGene RatioBg Ratiopvaluep.adjustqvalueCount
hsa0541518BreastPrecancerDiabetic cardiomyopathy63/684203/84655.63e-221.48e-201.14e-2063
hsa042108BreastPrecancerApoptosis25/684136/84657.61e-056.87e-045.26e-0425
hsa0541519BreastPrecancerDiabetic cardiomyopathy63/684203/84655.63e-221.48e-201.14e-2063
hsa0421013BreastPrecancerApoptosis25/684136/84657.61e-056.87e-045.26e-0425
hsa0541523BreastIDCDiabetic cardiomyopathy67/867203/84653.17e-198.59e-186.43e-1867
hsa0421022BreastIDCApoptosis31/867136/84651.34e-051.61e-041.20e-0431
hsa0541533BreastIDCDiabetic cardiomyopathy67/867203/84653.17e-198.59e-186.43e-1867
hsa0421032BreastIDCApoptosis31/867136/84651.34e-051.61e-041.20e-0431
hsa0541543BreastDCISDiabetic cardiomyopathy65/846203/84651.81e-184.87e-173.59e-1765
hsa0421041BreastDCISApoptosis29/846136/84655.92e-055.97e-044.40e-0429
hsa0541553BreastDCISDiabetic cardiomyopathy65/846203/84651.81e-184.87e-173.59e-1765
hsa0421051BreastDCISApoptosis29/846136/84655.92e-055.97e-044.40e-0429
hsa05415ColorectumADDiabetic cardiomyopathy114/2092203/84653.65e-223.06e-201.95e-20114
hsa054151ColorectumADDiabetic cardiomyopathy114/2092203/84653.65e-223.06e-201.95e-20114
hsa054152ColorectumSERDiabetic cardiomyopathy103/1580203/84651.45e-251.61e-231.17e-23103
hsa054153ColorectumSERDiabetic cardiomyopathy103/1580203/84651.45e-251.61e-231.17e-23103
hsa054154ColorectumMSSDiabetic cardiomyopathy106/1875203/84652.47e-211.62e-199.92e-20106
hsa04210ColorectumMSSApoptosis44/1875136/84653.66e-031.66e-021.01e-0244
hsa054155ColorectumMSSDiabetic cardiomyopathy106/1875203/84652.47e-211.62e-199.92e-20106
hsa042101ColorectumMSSApoptosis44/1875136/84653.66e-031.66e-021.01e-0244
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Cell-cell communication analysis

check buttonIdentification of potential cell-cell interactions between two cell types and their ligand-receptor pairs for different disease states
LigandReceptorLRpairPathwayTissueDisease Stage
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Single-cell gene regulatory network inference analysis

check buttonFind out the significant the regulons (TFs) and the target genes of each regulon across cell types for different disease states
TFCell TypeTissueDisease StageTarget GeneRSSRegulon Activity
PARP1BASLungHealthyTM4SF1,KRT19,C3, etc.1.00e-01The dot plots of a searched regulon are shown for all cell subpopulations in each disease state of each tissue based on the regulon specific score inferred using pySCENIC and by calculating the average expression.
∗The dot plots of a searched regulon are shown for all cell subpopulations in each disease state of each tissue based on the regulon specific score inferred using pySCENIC and by calculating the average expression.
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Somatic mutation of malignant transformation related genes

check buttonAnnotation of somatic variants for genes involved in malignant transformation
Hugo SymbolVariant ClassVariant ClassificationdbSNP RSHGVScHGVSpHGVSp ShortSWISSPROTBIOTYPESIFTPolyPhenTumor Sample BarcodeTissueHistologySexAgeStageTherapy TypesDrugsOutcome
PARP1SNVMissense_Mutationrs79529505c.1223N>Gp.Val408Glyp.V408GP09874protein_codingdeleterious(0)benign(0.367)TCGA-A2-A0CQ-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale<65I/IIChemotherapyadriamycinSD
PARP1SNVMissense_Mutationrs79529505c.1223N>Gp.Val408Glyp.V408GP09874protein_codingdeleterious(0)benign(0.367)TCGA-A2-A0YJ-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale<65III/IVChemotherapycytoxanPD
PARP1SNVMissense_Mutationrs377195931c.919N>Ap.Asp307Asnp.D307NP09874protein_codingtolerated(0.23)benign(0.189)TCGA-A2-A0YK-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale<65I/IIChemotherapycytoxanSD
PARP1SNVMissense_Mutationrs377195931c.919G>Ap.Asp307Asnp.D307NP09874protein_codingtolerated(0.23)benign(0.189)TCGA-A2-A25A-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale<65I/IIUnspecificCytoxanSD
PARP1SNVMissense_Mutationrs79529505c.1223N>Gp.Val408Glyp.V408GP09874protein_codingdeleterious(0)benign(0.367)TCGA-A8-A06Q-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale<65III/IVUnknownUnknownSD
PARP1SNVMissense_Mutationc.2032N>Cp.Asp678Hisp.D678HP09874protein_codingdeleterious(0)probably_damaging(0.999)TCGA-A8-A092-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale<65III/IVChemotherapypaclitaxelCR
PARP1SNVMissense_Mutationc.2524G>Ap.Glu842Lysp.E842KP09874protein_codingtolerated(0.18)benign(0.026)TCGA-AC-A23H-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale>=65I/IIUnknownUnknownPD
PARP1SNVMissense_Mutationnovelc.2971G>Cp.Val991Leup.V991LP09874protein_codingdeleterious(0.01)possibly_damaging(0.796)TCGA-AN-A046-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale>=65I/IIUnknownUnknownSD
PARP1SNVMissense_Mutationnovelc.1102A>Cp.Thr368Prop.T368PP09874protein_codingtolerated(0.29)benign(0.079)TCGA-AN-A046-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale>=65I/IIUnknownUnknownSD
PARP1SNVMissense_Mutationc.268N>Ap.Glu90Lysp.E90KP09874protein_codingtolerated(0.09)possibly_damaging(0.566)TCGA-B6-A0IJ-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale<65I/IIUnknownUnknownSD
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Related drugs of malignant transformation related genes

check buttonIdentification of chemicals and drugs interact with genes involved in malignant transfromation
(DGIdb 4.0)
Entrez IDSymbolCategoryInteraction TypesDrug Claim NameDrug NamePMIDs
142PARP1ENZYME, TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR, DRUGGABLE GENOME, DNA REPAIR, TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR COMPLEX, CLINICALLY ACTIONABLE, DRUG RESISTANCEQuinazolinedione derivative 2
142PARP1ENZYME, TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR, DRUGGABLE GENOME, DNA REPAIR, TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR COMPLEX, CLINICALLY ACTIONABLE, DRUG RESISTANCEinhibitor223366069RUCAPARIB
142PARP1ENZYME, TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR, DRUGGABLE GENOME, DNA REPAIR, TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR COMPLEX, CLINICALLY ACTIONABLE, DRUG RESISTANCEinhibitorCHEMBL1094636NIRAPARIB
142PARP1ENZYME, TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR, DRUGGABLE GENOME, DNA REPAIR, TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR COMPLEX, CLINICALLY ACTIONABLE, DRUG RESISTANCE4-Carboxamido-isoindolinone derivative 2
142PARP1ENZYME, TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR, DRUGGABLE GENOME, DNA REPAIR, TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR COMPLEX, CLINICALLY ACTIONABLE, DRUG RESISTANCECC-486
142PARP1ENZYME, TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR, DRUGGABLE GENOME, DNA REPAIR, TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR COMPLEX, CLINICALLY ACTIONABLE, DRUG RESISTANCE3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indazole-4-carboxamide derivative 5
142PARP1ENZYME, TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR, DRUGGABLE GENOME, DNA REPAIR, TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR COMPLEX, CLINICALLY ACTIONABLE, DRUG RESISTANCEOLAPARIBOLAPARIB28454547,25144364,26650448
142PARP1ENZYME, TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR, DRUGGABLE GENOME, DNA REPAIR, TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR COMPLEX, CLINICALLY ACTIONABLE, DRUG RESISTANCE4-Carboxamido-isoindolinone derivative 3
142PARP1ENZYME, TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR, DRUGGABLE GENOME, DNA REPAIR, TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR COMPLEX, CLINICALLY ACTIONABLE, DRUG RESISTANCEPhthalazine ketone derivative 3
142PARP1ENZYME, TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR, DRUGGABLE GENOME, DNA REPAIR, TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR COMPLEX, CLINICALLY ACTIONABLE, DRUG RESISTANCERUCAPARIBRUCAPARIB
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