Schematic overview of the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the cancer progression, including the proposed cellular and molecular mechanisms in cancer cells trajectory. AT1: alveolar type 1 cells; AT2: alveolar type 2 cells; AAH: atypical adenomatous hyperplasia; AIS: adenocarcinoma in situ; MIA: minimally invasive adenocarcinoma; IA: invasive adenocarcinoma; EMT: epithelial-mesenchymal transition

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Center for Computational Systems Medicine
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Gene summary

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Malignant transformation analysis

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Malignant transformation related pathway analysis

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Cell-cell communication analysis

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Single-cell gene regulatory network inference analysis

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Somatic mutation of malignant transformation related genes

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Related drugs of malignant transformation related genes

Gene: TK1

Gene summary for TK1

check button Gene summary.

Gene informationSpeciesHuman
Gene symbol

TK1

Gene ID

7083

Gene namethymidine kinase 1
Gene AliasTK2
Cytomap17q25.3
Gene Typeprotein-coding
GO ID

GO:0006139

UniProtAcc

K7ES52


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Malignant transformation analysis

check button Identification of the aberrant gene expression in precancerous and cancerous lesions by comparing the gene expression of stem-like cells in diseased tissues with normal stem cells
check button Malignant transformation involving gene list.
Entrez IDSymbolReplicatesSpeciesOrganTissueAdj P-valueLog2FCMalignancy
7083TK1GSM4909281HumanBreastIDC2.46e-073.49e-010.21
7083TK1GSM4909282HumanBreastIDC2.01e-408.20e-01-0.0288
7083TK1GSM4909287HumanBreastIDC4.87e-094.14e-010.2057
7083TK1GSM4909290HumanBreastIDC3.55e-073.64e-010.2096
7083TK1GSM4909291HumanBreastIDC1.60e-053.99e-010.1753
7083TK1GSM4909296HumanBreastIDC1.91e-021.76e-010.1524
7083TK1GSM4909319HumanBreastIDC1.99e-174.86e-010.1563
7083TK1M2HumanBreastIDC1.18e-077.21e-010.21
7083TK1P2HumanBreastIDC3.72e-115.95e-010.21
7083TK1HTA11_1938_2000001011HumanColorectumAD7.07e-074.75e-01-0.0811
7083TK1HTA11_347_2000001011HumanColorectumAD1.29e-021.86e-01-0.1954
7083TK1HTA11_3361_2000001011HumanColorectumAD8.40e-054.51e-01-0.1207
7083TK1HTA11_696_2000001011HumanColorectumAD5.89e-175.81e-01-0.1464
7083TK1HTA11_1391_2000001011HumanColorectumAD1.73e-116.20e-01-0.059
7083TK1HTA11_546_2000001011HumanColorectumAD2.87e-023.46e-01-0.0842
7083TK1HTA11_7696_3000711011HumanColorectumAD4.49e-041.99e-010.0674
7083TK1HTA11_99999970781_79442HumanColorectumMSS4.03e-133.84e-010.294
7083TK1LZE2THumanEsophagusESCC8.25e-067.51e-010.082
7083TK1LZE22THumanEsophagusESCC9.86e-061.02e+000.068
7083TK1LZE24THumanEsophagusESCC2.25e-052.39e-010.0596
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check button Transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.
TissueExpression DynamicsAbbreviation
BreastThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.IDC: Invasive ductal carcinoma
DCIS: Ductal carcinoma in situ
Precancer(BRCA1-mut): Precancerous lesion from BRCA1 mutation carriers
Colorectum (GSE201348)The image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.FAP: Familial adenomatous polyposis
CRC: Colorectal cancer
Colorectum (HTA11)The image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.AD: Adenomas
SER: Sessile serrated lesions
MSI-H: Microsatellite-high colorectal cancer
MSS: Microsatellite stable colorectal cancer
EsophagusThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.ESCC: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
HGIN: High-grade intraepithelial neoplasias
LGIN: Low-grade intraepithelial neoplasias
LiverThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma
NAFLD: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Oral CavityThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.EOLP: Erosive Oral lichen planus
LP: leukoplakia
NEOLP: Non-erosive oral lichen planus
OSCC: Oral squamous cell carcinoma
SkinThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.AK: Actinic keratosis
cSCC: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
SCCIS:squamous cell carcinoma in situ
ThyroidThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.ATC: Anaplastic thyroid cancer
HT: Hashimoto's thyroiditis
PTC: Papillary thyroid cancer
∗log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.

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Malignant transformation related pathway analysis

check buttonFind out the enriched GO biological processes and KEGG pathways involved in transition from healthy to precancer to cancer
check button Figure of enriched GO biological processes.
TissueDisease StageEnriched GO biological Processes
ColorectumADGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumSERGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumMSSGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumMSI-HGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumFAPGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
∗Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
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check button Enriched GO biological processes.
GO IDTissueDisease StageDescriptionGene RatioBg Ratiopvaluep.adjustCount
GO:190018023ThyroidATCregulation of protein localization to nucleus87/6293136/187233.94e-131.79e-1187
GO:007155925ThyroidATCresponse to transforming growth factor beta142/6293256/187234.30e-131.94e-11142
GO:007156026ThyroidATCcellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulus137/6293250/187233.69e-121.49e-10137
GO:000716329ThyroidATCestablishment or maintenance of cell polarity122/6293218/187238.46e-123.16e-10122
GO:190018222ThyroidATCpositive regulation of protein localization to nucleus60/629387/187231.63e-115.88e-1060
GO:000726524ThyroidATCRas protein signal transduction172/6293337/187232.25e-117.96e-10172
GO:000717924ThyroidATCtransforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway112/6293198/187232.42e-118.44e-10112
GO:007121427ThyroidATCcellular response to abiotic stimulus169/6293331/187233.24e-111.08e-09169
GO:010400427ThyroidATCcellular response to environmental stimulus169/6293331/187233.24e-111.08e-09169
GO:006082825ThyroidATCregulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway134/6293253/187231.49e-104.56e-09134
GO:004873233ThyroidATCgland development210/6293436/187231.50e-104.59e-09210
GO:000155826ThyroidATCregulation of cell growth201/6293414/187231.57e-104.76e-09201
GO:006007025ThyroidATCcanonical Wnt signaling pathway154/6293303/187233.68e-101.02e-08154
GO:001097523ThyroidATCregulation of neuron projection development212/6293445/187234.16e-101.14e-08212
GO:006156423ThyroidATCaxon development220/6293467/187236.85e-101.80e-08220
GO:004586026ThyroidATCpositive regulation of protein kinase activity185/6293386/187233.00e-097.02e-08185
GO:003070532ThyroidATCcytoskeleton-dependent intracellular transport105/6293195/187234.31e-099.70e-08105
GO:007147825ThyroidATCcellular response to radiation101/6293186/187234.67e-091.04e-07101
GO:000740919ThyroidATCaxonogenesis197/6293418/187235.09e-091.13e-07197
GO:001050817ThyroidATCpositive regulation of autophagy73/6293124/187236.74e-091.46e-0773
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check button Enriched KEGG pathways.
Pathway IDTissueDisease StageDescriptionGene RatioBg Ratiopvaluep.adjustqvalueCount
hsa012325EsophagusESCCNucleotide metabolism59/420585/84651.67e-046.58e-043.37e-0459
hsa002405EsophagusESCCPyrimidine metabolism41/420558/84659.14e-042.92e-031.49e-0341
hsa0123212EsophagusESCCNucleotide metabolism59/420585/84651.67e-046.58e-043.37e-0459
hsa0024012EsophagusESCCPyrimidine metabolism41/420558/84659.14e-042.92e-031.49e-0341
hsa002402LiverHCCPyrimidine metabolism44/402058/84659.34e-067.11e-053.95e-0544
hsa012322LiverHCCNucleotide metabolism59/402085/84653.30e-051.88e-041.04e-0459
hsa009832LiverHCCDrug metabolism - other enzymes54/402080/84652.25e-041.09e-036.08e-0454
hsa002403LiverHCCPyrimidine metabolism44/402058/84659.34e-067.11e-053.95e-0544
hsa012323LiverHCCNucleotide metabolism59/402085/84653.30e-051.88e-041.04e-0459
hsa009833LiverHCCDrug metabolism - other enzymes54/402080/84652.25e-041.09e-036.08e-0454
hsa012324Oral cavityOSCCNucleotide metabolism54/370485/84651.78e-045.95e-043.03e-0454
hsa002404Oral cavityOSCCPyrimidine metabolism37/370458/84651.62e-034.45e-032.26e-0337
hsa0123211Oral cavityOSCCNucleotide metabolism54/370485/84651.78e-045.95e-043.03e-0454
hsa0024011Oral cavityOSCCPyrimidine metabolism37/370458/84651.62e-034.45e-032.26e-0337
hsa0123221Oral cavityLPNucleotide metabolism42/241885/84653.62e-052.36e-041.52e-0442
hsa0024021Oral cavityLPPyrimidine metabolism28/241858/84651.12e-035.02e-033.24e-0328
hsa0123231Oral cavityLPNucleotide metabolism42/241885/84653.62e-052.36e-041.52e-0442
hsa0024031Oral cavityLPPyrimidine metabolism28/241858/84651.12e-035.02e-033.24e-0328
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Cell-cell communication analysis

check buttonIdentification of potential cell-cell interactions between two cell types and their ligand-receptor pairs for different disease states
LigandReceptorLRpairPathwayTissueDisease Stage
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Single-cell gene regulatory network inference analysis

check buttonFind out the significant the regulons (TFs) and the target genes of each regulon across cell types for different disease states
TFCell TypeTissueDisease StageTarget GeneRSSRegulon Activity
∗The dot plots of a searched regulon are shown for all cell subpopulations in each disease state of each tissue based on the regulon specific score inferred using pySCENIC and by calculating the average expression.
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Somatic mutation of malignant transformation related genes

check buttonAnnotation of somatic variants for genes involved in malignant transformation
Hugo SymbolVariant ClassVariant ClassificationdbSNP RSHGVScHGVSpHGVSp ShortSWISSPROTBIOTYPESIFTPolyPhenTumor Sample BarcodeTissueHistologySexAgeStageTherapy TypesDrugsOutcome
TK1SNVMissense_Mutationrs373525383c.197G>Ap.Cys66Tyrp.C66YP04183protein_codingtolerated(0.66)benign(0)TCGA-BH-A0BP-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale>=65I/IIUnknownUnknownSD
TK1insertionNonsense_Mutationnovelc.124_125insATTTGAACATTGAATGATTCAAATCAGCACACTTTCCAAGGp.Arg42HisfsTer6p.R42Hfs*6P04183protein_codingTCGA-AN-A0FX-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale<65I/IIUnknownUnknownSD
TK1insertionNonsense_Mutationnovelc.177_178insTGGTTTGGCCTGCACGTTGATTTTTGTTTAATTTTTTAGTTGTCp.Arg60TrpfsTer13p.R60Wfs*13P04183protein_codingTCGA-AO-A0J9-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale<65III/IVChemotherapycyclophosphamidePD
TK1SNVMissense_Mutationc.697N>Ap.Ala233Thrp.A233TP04183protein_codingtolerated_low_confidence(0.05)benign(0.001)TCGA-AA-A022-01Colorectumcolon adenocarcinomaFemale>=65I/IIUnknownUnknownSD
TK1SNVMissense_Mutationnovelc.536N>Gp.Asp179Glyp.D179GP04183protein_codingdeleterious(0.01)benign(0.228)TCGA-AD-6964-01Colorectumcolon adenocarcinomaMale<65III/IVChemotherapyfolfoxPD
TK1SNVMissense_Mutationrs375708499c.245G>Ap.Arg82Glnp.R82QP04183protein_codingtolerated(0.52)benign(0.003)TCGA-CM-5349-01Colorectumcolon adenocarcinomaFemale>=65I/IIUnknownUnknownSD
TK1SNVMissense_Mutationc.527N>Tp.Gly176Valp.G176VP04183protein_codingdeleterious(0)probably_damaging(1)TCGA-DM-A28F-01Colorectumcolon adenocarcinomaMale>=65III/IVUnknownUnknownSD
TK1SNVMissense_Mutationrs746414831c.224N>Tp.Ala75Valp.A75VP04183protein_codingdeleterious(0)probably_damaging(0.953)TCGA-AX-A2HD-01Endometriumuterine corpus endometrioid carcinomaFemale>=65III/IVUnknownUnknownSD
TK1SNVMissense_Mutationnovelc.236N>Ap.Cys79Tyrp.C79YP04183protein_codingdeleterious(0.04)benign(0.08)TCGA-BG-A222-01Endometriumuterine corpus endometrioid carcinomaFemale<65I/IIUnknownUnknownSD
TK1SNVMissense_Mutationc.612G>Tp.Glu204Aspp.E204DP04183protein_codingtolerated(0.08)benign(0.132)TCGA-BS-A0UV-01Endometriumuterine corpus endometrioid carcinomaFemale<65III/IVUnknownUnknownSD
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Related drugs of malignant transformation related genes

check buttonIdentification of chemicals and drugs interact with genes involved in malignant transfromation
(DGIdb 4.0)
Entrez IDSymbolCategoryInteraction TypesDrug Claim NameDrug NamePMIDs
7083TK1ENZYME, KINASE, DRUGGABLE GENOMEzidovudineZIDOVUDINE22960662
7083TK1ENZYME, KINASE, DRUGGABLE GENOMEThymidine kinase-expressing adenovirus and ganciclovir suicide gene therapy
7083TK1ENZYME, KINASE, DRUGGABLE GENOMEAd-OC-hsvTK/valacyclovir
7083TK1ENZYME, KINASE, DRUGGABLE GENOMEHQK-1004ARGININE BUTYRATE
7083TK1ENZYME, KINASE, DRUGGABLE GENOMERadiosensitizer gene therapy
7083TK1ENZYME, KINASE, DRUGGABLE GENOMETK-DLI
7083TK1ENZYME, KINASE, DRUGGABLE GENOMEFV-100VALNIVUDINE HYDROCHLORIDE
7083TK1ENZYME, KINASE, DRUGGABLE GENOMEPenciclovirPENCICLOVIR
7083TK1ENZYME, KINASE, DRUGGABLE GENOMEDEOXYCYTIDINEDEOXYCYTIDINE
7083TK1ENZYME, KINASE, DRUGGABLE GENOMERilapladibRILAPLADIB
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