Schematic overview of the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the cancer progression, including the proposed cellular and molecular mechanisms in cancer cells trajectory. AT1: alveolar type 1 cells; AT2: alveolar type 2 cells; AAH: atypical adenomatous hyperplasia; AIS: adenocarcinoma in situ; MIA: minimally invasive adenocarcinoma; IA: invasive adenocarcinoma; EMT: epithelial-mesenchymal transition

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Center for Computational Systems Medicine
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Gene summary

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Malignant transformation analysis

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Malignant transformation related pathway analysis

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Cell-cell communication analysis

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Single-cell gene regulatory network inference analysis

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Somatic mutation of malignant transformation related genes

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Related drugs of malignant transformation related genes

Gene: POLD1

Gene summary for POLD1

check button Gene summary.

Gene informationSpeciesHuman
Gene symbol

POLD1

Gene ID

5424

Gene nameDNA polymerase delta 1, catalytic subunit
Gene AliasCDC2
Cytomap19q13.33
Gene Typeprotein-coding
GO ID

GO:0000731

UniProtAcc

A0A024R4F4


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Malignant transformation analysis

check button Identification of the aberrant gene expression in precancerous and cancerous lesions by comparing the gene expression of stem-like cells in diseased tissues with normal stem cells
check button Malignant transformation involving gene list.
Entrez IDSymbolReplicatesSpeciesOrganTissueAdj P-valueLog2FCMalignancy
5424POLD1LZE7THumanEsophagusESCC2.93e-072.31e-010.0667
5424POLD1LZE6THumanEsophagusESCC5.85e-031.86e-010.0845
5424POLD1P1T-EHumanEsophagusESCC3.41e-031.85e-010.0875
5424POLD1P2T-EHumanEsophagusESCC9.56e-081.77e-010.1177
5424POLD1P4T-EHumanEsophagusESCC8.83e-051.65e-010.1323
5424POLD1P5T-EHumanEsophagusESCC7.90e-039.51e-020.1327
5424POLD1P8T-EHumanEsophagusESCC4.44e-081.86e-010.0889
5424POLD1P10T-EHumanEsophagusESCC4.12e-112.10e-010.116
5424POLD1P11T-EHumanEsophagusESCC6.89e-072.47e-010.1426
5424POLD1P12T-EHumanEsophagusESCC4.17e-051.53e-010.1122
5424POLD1P15T-EHumanEsophagusESCC1.13e-072.28e-010.1149
5424POLD1P16T-EHumanEsophagusESCC4.41e-071.22e-010.1153
5424POLD1P17T-EHumanEsophagusESCC2.78e-042.51e-010.1278
5424POLD1P20T-EHumanEsophagusESCC1.87e-036.32e-020.1124
5424POLD1P21T-EHumanEsophagusESCC4.31e-061.05e-010.1617
5424POLD1P22T-EHumanEsophagusESCC8.84e-051.01e-010.1236
5424POLD1P23T-EHumanEsophagusESCC3.27e-091.30e-010.108
5424POLD1P26T-EHumanEsophagusESCC1.76e-122.29e-010.1276
5424POLD1P27T-EHumanEsophagusESCC1.97e-102.22e-010.1055
5424POLD1P28T-EHumanEsophagusESCC9.02e-111.94e-010.1149
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check button Transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.
TissueExpression DynamicsAbbreviation
EsophagusThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.ESCC: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
HGIN: High-grade intraepithelial neoplasias
LGIN: Low-grade intraepithelial neoplasias
Oral CavityThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.EOLP: Erosive Oral lichen planus
LP: leukoplakia
NEOLP: Non-erosive oral lichen planus
OSCC: Oral squamous cell carcinoma
∗log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.

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Malignant transformation related pathway analysis

check buttonFind out the enriched GO biological processes and KEGG pathways involved in transition from healthy to precancer to cancer
check button Figure of enriched GO biological processes.
TissueDisease StageEnriched GO biological Processes
ColorectumADGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumSERGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumMSSGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumMSI-HGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumFAPGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
∗Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
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check button Enriched GO biological processes.
GO IDTissueDisease StageDescriptionGene RatioBg Ratiopvaluep.adjustCount
GO:00031583ColorectumFAPendothelium development32/2622136/187231.89e-031.61e-0232
GO:00108762ColorectumFAPlipid localization85/2622448/187231.92e-031.63e-0285
GO:00454462ColorectumFAPendothelial cell differentiation28/2622118/187233.09e-032.32e-0228
GO:0042118ColorectumFAPendothelial cell activation6/262212/187233.24e-032.40e-026
GO:0045601ColorectumFAPregulation of endothelial cell differentiation14/262247/187233.95e-032.75e-0214
GO:00016664ColorectumCRCresponse to hypoxia51/2078307/187232.14e-032.10e-0251
GO:00068692ColorectumCRClipid transport63/2078398/187232.36e-032.26e-0263
GO:00704824ColorectumCRCresponse to oxygen levels56/2078347/187232.60e-032.40e-0256
GO:00308561ColorectumCRCregulation of epithelial cell differentiation29/2078154/187233.02e-032.71e-0229
GO:00031584ColorectumCRCendothelium development26/2078136/187233.91e-033.24e-0226
GO:00108763ColorectumCRClipid localization68/2078448/187234.60e-033.58e-0268
GO:00454463ColorectumCRCendothelial cell differentiation23/2078118/187235.01e-033.85e-0223
GO:00362933ColorectumCRCresponse to decreased oxygen levels51/2078322/187235.72e-034.28e-0251
GO:00421181ColorectumCRCendothelial cell activation5/207812/187236.79e-034.77e-025
GO:000941113EsophagusESCCresponse to UV115/8552149/187233.29e-151.93e-13115
GO:00062604EsophagusESCCDNA replication181/8552260/187233.55e-152.05e-13181
GO:007189716EsophagusESCCDNA biosynthetic process127/8552180/187231.04e-113.85e-10127
GO:000931419EsophagusESCCresponse to radiation277/8552456/187234.42e-111.43e-09277
GO:003464413EsophagusESCCcellular response to UV70/855290/187234.59e-101.20e-0870
GO:007121419EsophagusESCCcellular response to abiotic stimulus206/8552331/187237.52e-101.88e-08206
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check button Enriched KEGG pathways.
Pathway IDTissueDisease StageDescriptionGene RatioBg Ratiopvaluep.adjustqvalueCount
hsa0342022EsophagusESCCNucleotide excision repair54/420563/84652.01e-092.17e-081.11e-0854
hsa034104EsophagusESCCBase excision repair38/420544/84653.59e-072.62e-061.34e-0638
hsa030304EsophagusESCCDNA replication32/420536/84657.71e-075.06e-062.59e-0632
hsa034304EsophagusESCCMismatch repair21/420523/84652.85e-051.35e-046.90e-0521
hsa0342032EsophagusESCCNucleotide excision repair54/420563/84652.01e-092.17e-081.11e-0854
hsa0341011EsophagusESCCBase excision repair38/420544/84653.59e-072.62e-061.34e-0638
hsa0303011EsophagusESCCDNA replication32/420536/84657.71e-075.06e-062.59e-0632
hsa0343011EsophagusESCCMismatch repair21/420523/84652.85e-051.35e-046.90e-0521
hsa034204Oral cavityOSCCNucleotide excision repair49/370463/84653.48e-082.91e-071.48e-0749
hsa03030Oral cavityOSCCDNA replication31/370436/84651.70e-071.19e-066.03e-0731
hsa03410Oral cavityOSCCBase excision repair32/370444/84659.11e-053.25e-041.65e-0432
hsa03430Oral cavityOSCCMismatch repair19/370423/84651.55e-045.34e-042.72e-0419
hsa0342011Oral cavityOSCCNucleotide excision repair49/370463/84653.48e-082.91e-071.48e-0749
hsa030301Oral cavityOSCCDNA replication31/370436/84651.70e-071.19e-066.03e-0731
hsa034101Oral cavityOSCCBase excision repair32/370444/84659.11e-053.25e-041.65e-0432
hsa034301Oral cavityOSCCMismatch repair19/370423/84651.55e-045.34e-042.72e-0419
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Cell-cell communication analysis

check buttonIdentification of potential cell-cell interactions between two cell types and their ligand-receptor pairs for different disease states
LigandReceptorLRpairPathwayTissueDisease Stage
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Single-cell gene regulatory network inference analysis

check buttonFind out the significant the regulons (TFs) and the target genes of each regulon across cell types for different disease states
TFCell TypeTissueDisease StageTarget GeneRSSRegulon Activity
∗The dot plots of a searched regulon are shown for all cell subpopulations in each disease state of each tissue based on the regulon specific score inferred using pySCENIC and by calculating the average expression.
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Somatic mutation of malignant transformation related genes

check buttonAnnotation of somatic variants for genes involved in malignant transformation
Hugo SymbolVariant ClassVariant ClassificationdbSNP RSHGVScHGVSpHGVSp ShortSWISSPROTBIOTYPESIFTPolyPhenTumor Sample BarcodeTissueHistologySexAgeStageTherapy TypesDrugsOutcome
POLD1SNVMissense_Mutationrs371612922c.934N>Ap.Val312Metp.V312Mprotein_codingdeleterious(0)possibly_damaging(0.641)TCGA-A2-A04T-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale<65I/IIChemotherapycyclophosphamideSD
POLD1SNVMissense_Mutationc.1425N>Ap.Asn475Lysp.N475Kprotein_codingdeleterious(0)probably_damaging(0.928)TCGA-BH-A0HK-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale>=65I/IIHormone TherapyarimidexSD
POLD1SNVMissense_Mutationc.1197N>Cp.Gln399Hisp.Q399Hprotein_codingtolerated(0.18)benign(0.326)TCGA-E2-A158-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale<65I/IIChemotherapyarimidexSD
POLD1SNVMissense_Mutationrs201010746c.931C>Tp.Arg311Cysp.R311Cprotein_codingdeleterious(0)probably_damaging(0.97)TCGA-E9-A1NA-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale<65I/IIChemotherapycyclophosphamideSD
POLD1deletionFrame_Shift_Delrs761614971c.3383delCp.Pro1128LeufsTer22p.P1128Lfs*22protein_codingTCGA-A2-A04U-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale<65I/IIChemotherapyadriamycinSD
POLD1SNVMissense_Mutationrs372299975c.379N>Ap.Ala127Thrp.A127Tprotein_codingdeleterious(0)benign(0.125)TCGA-2W-A8YY-01Cervixcervical & endocervical cancerFemale<65I/IIChemotherapycisplatinCR
POLD1SNVMissense_Mutationrs762494977c.1027N>Tp.Arg343Cysp.R343Cprotein_codingtolerated(0.08)benign(0.087)TCGA-2W-A8YY-01Cervixcervical & endocervical cancerFemale<65I/IIChemotherapycisplatinCR
POLD1SNVMissense_Mutationrs778135510c.1225N>Tp.Arg409Trpp.R409Wprotein_codingdeleterious(0)probably_damaging(1)TCGA-C5-A3HD-01Cervixcervical & endocervical cancerFemale<65I/IIChemotherapycisplatinSD
POLD1SNVMissense_Mutationrs140707092c.532N>Tp.Gly178Trpp.G178Wprotein_codingdeleterious(0)probably_damaging(0.959)TCGA-FU-A3WB-01Cervixcervical & endocervical cancerFemale<65I/IIChemotherapycisplatinCR
POLD1SNVMissense_Mutationnovelc.176N>Tp.Gln59Leup.Q59Lprotein_codingtolerated(0.16)possibly_damaging(0.775)TCGA-IR-A3LL-01Cervixcervical & endocervical cancerFemale<65I/IIChemotherapycisplatinCR
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Related drugs of malignant transformation related genes

check buttonIdentification of chemicals and drugs interact with genes involved in malignant transfromation
(DGIdb 4.0)
Entrez IDSymbolCategoryInteraction TypesDrug Claim NameDrug NamePMIDs
5424POLD1DNA DIRECTED RNA POLYMERASE, DRUGGABLE GENOME, CLINICALLY ACTIONABLE, DNA REPAIR, ENZYMEinhibitorCHEMBL1637GEMCITABINE HYDROCHLORIDE
5424POLD1DNA DIRECTED RNA POLYMERASE, DRUGGABLE GENOME, CLINICALLY ACTIONABLE, DNA REPAIR, ENZYMEinhibitorCHEMBL1750CLOFARABINE
5424POLD1DNA DIRECTED RNA POLYMERASE, DRUGGABLE GENOME, CLINICALLY ACTIONABLE, DNA REPAIR, ENZYMEinhibitorCHEMBL803CYTARABINE
5424POLD1DNA DIRECTED RNA POLYMERASE, DRUGGABLE GENOME, CLINICALLY ACTIONABLE, DNA REPAIR, ENZYMEHYMENOIC ACIDHYMENOIC ACID18364258
5424POLD1DNA DIRECTED RNA POLYMERASE, DRUGGABLE GENOME, CLINICALLY ACTIONABLE, DNA REPAIR, ENZYMEinhibitorCHEMBL1096882FLUDARABINE PHOSPHATE
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