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Gene: GALM |
Gene summary for GALM |
Gene summary. |
Gene information | Species | Human | Gene symbol | GALM | Gene ID | 130589 |
Gene name | galactose mutarotase | |
Gene Alias | BLOCK25 | |
Cytomap | 2p22.1 | |
Gene Type | protein-coding | GO ID | GO:0005975 | UniProtAcc | Q96C23 |
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Malignant transformation analysis |
Identification of the aberrant gene expression in precancerous and cancerous lesions by comparing the gene expression of stem-like cells in diseased tissues with normal stem cells |
Malignant transformation involving gene list. |
Entrez ID | Symbol | Replicates | Species | Organ | Tissue | Adj P-value | Log2FC | Malignancy |
130589 | GALM | HTA11_2487_2000001011 | Human | Colorectum | SER | 5.39e-05 | 4.21e-01 | -0.1808 |
130589 | GALM | HTA11_78_2000001011 | Human | Colorectum | AD | 6.81e-06 | 4.94e-01 | -0.1088 |
130589 | GALM | HTA11_347_2000001011 | Human | Colorectum | AD | 4.73e-20 | 7.40e-01 | -0.1954 |
130589 | GALM | HTA11_3361_2000001011 | Human | Colorectum | AD | 4.01e-05 | 4.74e-01 | -0.1207 |
130589 | GALM | HTA11_83_2000001011 | Human | Colorectum | SER | 2.91e-11 | 7.93e-01 | -0.1526 |
130589 | GALM | HTA11_696_2000001011 | Human | Colorectum | AD | 1.93e-20 | 6.78e-01 | -0.1464 |
130589 | GALM | HTA11_866_2000001011 | Human | Colorectum | AD | 6.55e-05 | 3.43e-01 | -0.1001 |
130589 | GALM | HTA11_1391_2000001011 | Human | Colorectum | AD | 5.19e-12 | 6.69e-01 | -0.059 |
130589 | GALM | HTA11_2992_2000001011 | Human | Colorectum | SER | 1.76e-02 | 5.12e-01 | -0.1706 |
130589 | GALM | HTA11_546_2000001011 | Human | Colorectum | AD | 3.18e-04 | 5.97e-01 | -0.0842 |
130589 | GALM | HTA11_10623_2000001011 | Human | Colorectum | AD | 3.55e-07 | 7.23e-01 | -0.0177 |
130589 | GALM | HTA11_10711_2000001011 | Human | Colorectum | AD | 5.62e-06 | 4.57e-01 | 0.0338 |
130589 | GALM | HTA11_7696_3000711011 | Human | Colorectum | AD | 2.60e-05 | 3.24e-01 | 0.0674 |
130589 | GALM | HTA11_99999965104_69814 | Human | Colorectum | MSS | 1.89e-03 | 2.35e-01 | 0.281 |
130589 | GALM | A015-C-203 | Human | Colorectum | FAP | 1.07e-03 | -1.61e-01 | -0.1294 |
130589 | GALM | A002-C-205 | Human | Colorectum | FAP | 7.65e-04 | -1.48e-01 | -0.1236 |
130589 | GALM | A015-C-006 | Human | Colorectum | FAP | 3.20e-02 | -1.97e-01 | -0.0994 |
130589 | GALM | A015-C-104 | Human | Colorectum | FAP | 4.17e-04 | -9.49e-02 | -0.1899 |
130589 | GALM | A015-C-002 | Human | Colorectum | FAP | 4.52e-02 | -1.77e-01 | -0.0763 |
130589 | GALM | A002-C-116 | Human | Colorectum | FAP | 3.46e-05 | -1.02e-01 | -0.0452 |
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Transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum. |
∗log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage. |
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Malignant transformation related pathway analysis |
Find out the enriched GO biological processes and KEGG pathways involved in transition from healthy to precancer to cancer |
Figure of enriched GO biological processes. |
Tissue | Disease Stage | Enriched GO biological Processes |
Colorectum | AD | |
Colorectum | SER | |
Colorectum | MSS | |
Colorectum | MSI-H | |
Colorectum | FAP |
∗Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust). |
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Enriched GO biological processes. |
GO ID | Tissue | Disease Stage | Description | Gene Ratio | Bg Ratio | pvalue | p.adjust | Count |
GO:00060063 | Colorectum | FAP | glucose metabolic process | 48/2622 | 196/18723 | 5.90e-05 | 1.16e-03 | 48 |
GO:00059963 | Colorectum | FAP | monosaccharide metabolic process | 59/2622 | 257/18723 | 6.79e-05 | 1.28e-03 | 59 |
GO:00193201 | Colorectum | FAP | hexose catabolic process | 14/2622 | 34/18723 | 9.46e-05 | 1.61e-03 | 14 |
GO:00442823 | Colorectum | FAP | small molecule catabolic process | 77/2622 | 376/18723 | 3.25e-04 | 4.16e-03 | 77 |
GO:0046365 | Colorectum | FAP | monosaccharide catabolic process | 14/2622 | 40/18723 | 6.94e-04 | 7.50e-03 | 14 |
GO:00060122 | Colorectum | FAP | galactose metabolic process | 5/2622 | 10/18723 | 7.32e-03 | 4.38e-02 | 5 |
GO:00442825 | Liver | NAFLD | small molecule catabolic process | 91/1882 | 376/18723 | 8.96e-16 | 1.31e-12 | 91 |
GO:00059965 | Liver | NAFLD | monosaccharide metabolic process | 53/1882 | 257/18723 | 2.89e-07 | 1.92e-05 | 53 |
GO:00193185 | Liver | NAFLD | hexose metabolic process | 49/1882 | 237/18723 | 7.41e-07 | 4.12e-05 | 49 |
GO:00060065 | Liver | NAFLD | glucose metabolic process | 42/1882 | 196/18723 | 1.70e-06 | 7.47e-05 | 42 |
GO:00160526 | Liver | NAFLD | carbohydrate catabolic process | 32/1882 | 154/18723 | 5.29e-05 | 1.21e-03 | 32 |
GO:004428211 | Liver | Cirrhotic | small molecule catabolic process | 151/4634 | 376/18723 | 2.20e-11 | 1.34e-09 | 151 |
GO:000599612 | Liver | Cirrhotic | monosaccharide metabolic process | 104/4634 | 257/18723 | 1.74e-08 | 6.32e-07 | 104 |
GO:001931812 | Liver | Cirrhotic | hexose metabolic process | 97/4634 | 237/18723 | 2.67e-08 | 9.16e-07 | 97 |
GO:000600611 | Liver | Cirrhotic | glucose metabolic process | 82/4634 | 196/18723 | 1.01e-07 | 2.93e-06 | 82 |
GO:001605212 | Liver | Cirrhotic | carbohydrate catabolic process | 66/4634 | 154/18723 | 6.10e-07 | 1.32e-05 | 66 |
GO:00060123 | Liver | Cirrhotic | galactose metabolic process | 8/4634 | 10/18723 | 3.84e-04 | 3.19e-03 | 8 |
GO:000599621 | Liver | HCC | monosaccharide metabolic process | 167/7958 | 257/18723 | 2.31e-13 | 1.25e-11 | 167 |
GO:001931821 | Liver | HCC | hexose metabolic process | 155/7958 | 237/18723 | 7.63e-13 | 3.90e-11 | 155 |
GO:004428221 | Liver | HCC | small molecule catabolic process | 225/7958 | 376/18723 | 6.50e-12 | 2.80e-10 | 225 |
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Enriched KEGG pathways. |
Pathway ID | Tissue | Disease Stage | Description | Gene Ratio | Bg Ratio | pvalue | p.adjust | qvalue | Count |
hsa00010 | Colorectum | AD | Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis | 34/2092 | 67/8465 | 3.63e-06 | 4.34e-05 | 2.77e-05 | 34 |
hsa000101 | Colorectum | AD | Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis | 34/2092 | 67/8465 | 3.63e-06 | 4.34e-05 | 2.77e-05 | 34 |
hsa000102 | Colorectum | SER | Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis | 24/1580 | 67/8465 | 6.62e-04 | 5.36e-03 | 3.89e-03 | 24 |
hsa000103 | Colorectum | SER | Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis | 24/1580 | 67/8465 | 6.62e-04 | 5.36e-03 | 3.89e-03 | 24 |
hsa000104 | Colorectum | MSS | Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis | 28/1875 | 67/8465 | 2.36e-04 | 1.81e-03 | 1.11e-03 | 28 |
hsa000105 | Colorectum | MSS | Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis | 28/1875 | 67/8465 | 2.36e-04 | 1.81e-03 | 1.11e-03 | 28 |
hsa000106 | Colorectum | FAP | Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis | 24/1404 | 67/8465 | 1.05e-04 | 9.46e-04 | 5.76e-04 | 24 |
hsa00052 | Colorectum | FAP | Galactose metabolism | 12/1404 | 32/8465 | 3.61e-03 | 1.53e-02 | 9.29e-03 | 12 |
hsa000107 | Colorectum | FAP | Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis | 24/1404 | 67/8465 | 1.05e-04 | 9.46e-04 | 5.76e-04 | 24 |
hsa000521 | Colorectum | FAP | Galactose metabolism | 12/1404 | 32/8465 | 3.61e-03 | 1.53e-02 | 9.29e-03 | 12 |
hsa000109 | Liver | Cirrhotic | Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis | 32/2530 | 67/8465 | 1.50e-03 | 7.80e-03 | 4.81e-03 | 32 |
hsa0001012 | Liver | Cirrhotic | Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis | 32/2530 | 67/8465 | 1.50e-03 | 7.80e-03 | 4.81e-03 | 32 |
hsa0001022 | Liver | HCC | Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis | 43/4020 | 67/8465 | 4.26e-03 | 1.29e-02 | 7.15e-03 | 43 |
hsa0001032 | Liver | HCC | Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis | 43/4020 | 67/8465 | 4.26e-03 | 1.29e-02 | 7.15e-03 | 43 |
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Cell-cell communication analysis |
Identification of potential cell-cell interactions between two cell types and their ligand-receptor pairs for different disease states |
Ligand | Receptor | LRpair | Pathway | Tissue | Disease Stage |
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Single-cell gene regulatory network inference analysis |
Find out the significant the regulons (TFs) and the target genes of each regulon across cell types for different disease states |
TF | Cell Type | Tissue | Disease Stage | Target Gene | RSS | Regulon Activity |
∗The dot plots of a searched regulon are shown for all cell subpopulations in each disease state of each tissue based on the regulon specific score inferred using pySCENIC and by calculating the average expression. |
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Somatic mutation of malignant transformation related genes |
Annotation of somatic variants for genes involved in malignant transformation |
Hugo Symbol | Variant Class | Variant Classification | dbSNP RS | HGVSc | HGVSp | HGVSp Short | SWISSPROT | BIOTYPE | SIFT | PolyPhen | Tumor Sample Barcode | Tissue | Histology | Sex | Age | Stage | Therapy Types | Drugs | Outcome |
GALM | SNV | Missense_Mutation | rs570948999 | c.812T>C | p.Val271Ala | p.V271A | Q96C23 | protein_coding | deleterious(0.01) | possibly_damaging(0.714) | TCGA-BH-A18G-01 | Breast | breast invasive carcinoma | Female | >=65 | I/II | Unknown | Unknown | SD |
GALM | SNV | Missense_Mutation | c.158C>G | p.Ser53Trp | p.S53W | Q96C23 | protein_coding | deleterious(0.01) | possibly_damaging(0.85) | TCGA-Q1-A5R2-01 | Cervix | cervical & endocervical cancer | Female | <65 | I/II | Chemotherapy | cisplatin | PR | |
GALM | SNV | Missense_Mutation | novel | c.409G>A | p.Glu137Lys | p.E137K | Q96C23 | protein_coding | deleterious(0) | probably_damaging(0.979) | TCGA-ZJ-AAX8-01 | Cervix | cervical & endocervical cancer | Female | <65 | III/IV | Unknown | Unknown | SD |
GALM | SNV | Missense_Mutation | c.212A>G | p.Tyr71Cys | p.Y71C | Q96C23 | protein_coding | deleterious(0.01) | probably_damaging(0.98) | TCGA-AA-3864-01 | Colorectum | colon adenocarcinoma | Male | >=65 | I/II | Unknown | Unknown | SD | |
GALM | SNV | Missense_Mutation | novel | c.20C>T | p.Ala7Val | p.A7V | Q96C23 | protein_coding | tolerated(0.11) | benign(0.001) | TCGA-AA-A00N-01 | Colorectum | colon adenocarcinoma | Male | >=65 | I/II | Unknown | Unknown | PD |
GALM | SNV | Missense_Mutation | rs778733977 | c.667N>A | p.Asp223Asn | p.D223N | Q96C23 | protein_coding | deleterious(0.01) | probably_damaging(0.994) | TCGA-CA-6717-01 | Colorectum | colon adenocarcinoma | Male | <65 | I/II | Chemotherapy | oxaliplatin | CR |
GALM | SNV | Missense_Mutation | c.959N>C | p.Phe320Ser | p.F320S | Q96C23 | protein_coding | deleterious(0) | probably_damaging(1) | TCGA-CK-6746-01 | Colorectum | colon adenocarcinoma | Female | >=65 | I/II | Unknown | Unknown | SD | |
GALM | SNV | Missense_Mutation | c.361C>T | p.Arg121Trp | p.R121W | Q96C23 | protein_coding | deleterious(0) | possibly_damaging(0.502) | TCGA-G4-6321-01 | Colorectum | colon adenocarcinoma | Female | <65 | III/IV | Chemotherapy | fluorouracil | SD | |
GALM | insertion | In_Frame_Ins | novel | c.434_435insTGCCATATTTCAATATTT | p.Lys145delinsAsnAlaIlePheGlnTyrLeu | p.K145delinsNAIFQYL | Q96C23 | protein_coding | TCGA-AM-5820-01 | Colorectum | colon adenocarcinoma | Female | <65 | I/II | Unknown | Unknown | SD | ||
GALM | SNV | Missense_Mutation | novel | c.934N>T | p.Pro312Ser | p.P312S | Q96C23 | protein_coding | deleterious(0) | probably_damaging(1) | TCGA-AX-A1CE-01 | Endometrium | uterine corpus endometrioid carcinoma | Female | <65 | I/II | Unspecific | Paclitaxel | SD |
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Related drugs of malignant transformation related genes |
Identification of chemicals and drugs interact with genes involved in malignant transfromation |
(DGIdb 4.0) |
Entrez ID | Symbol | Category | Interaction Types | Drug Claim Name | Drug Name | PMIDs |
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