Schematic overview of the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the cancer progression, including the proposed cellular and molecular mechanisms in cancer cells trajectory. AT1: alveolar type 1 cells; AT2: alveolar type 2 cells; AAH: atypical adenomatous hyperplasia; AIS: adenocarcinoma in situ; MIA: minimally invasive adenocarcinoma; IA: invasive adenocarcinoma; EMT: epithelial-mesenchymal transition

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Center for Computational Systems Medicine
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Gene summary

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Malignant transformation analysis

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Malignant transformation related pathway analysis

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Cell-cell communication analysis

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Single-cell gene regulatory network inference analysis

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Somatic mutation of malignant transformation related genes

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Related drugs of malignant transformation related genes

Gene: CTSC

Gene summary for CTSC

check button Gene summary.

Gene informationSpeciesHuman
Gene symbol

CTSC

Gene ID

1075

Gene namecathepsin C
Gene AliasCPPI
Cytomap11q14.2
Gene Typeprotein-coding
GO ID

GO:0001774

UniProtAcc

P53634


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Malignant transformation analysis

check button Identification of the aberrant gene expression in precancerous and cancerous lesions by comparing the gene expression of stem-like cells in diseased tissues with normal stem cells
check button Malignant transformation involving gene list.
Entrez IDSymbolReplicatesSpeciesOrganTissueAdj P-valueLog2FCMalignancy
1075CTSCCA_HPV_1HumanCervixCC1.36e-267.13e-010.0264
1075CTSCN_HPV_2HumanCervixN_HPV5.40e-073.76e-01-0.0131
1075CTSCCCII_1HumanCervixCC2.04e-11-5.44e-010.3249
1075CTSCTumorHumanCervixCC2.05e-408.50e-010.1241
1075CTSCsample3HumanCervixCC1.21e-357.05e-010.1387
1075CTSCL1HumanCervixCC2.30e-104.22e-010.0802
1075CTSCT3HumanCervixCC2.76e-287.18e-010.1389
1075CTSCHTA11_1938_2000001011HumanColorectumAD1.51e-044.89e-01-0.0811
1075CTSCHTA11_78_2000001011HumanColorectumAD8.71e-033.79e-01-0.1088
1075CTSCHTA11_347_2000001011HumanColorectumAD2.30e-104.51e-01-0.1954
1075CTSCHTA11_83_2000001011HumanColorectumSER3.48e-034.28e-01-0.1526
1075CTSCHTA11_1391_2000001011HumanColorectumAD3.88e-023.21e-01-0.059
1075CTSCHTA11_7696_3000711011HumanColorectumAD2.70e-041.54e-010.0674
1075CTSCHTA11_7469_2000001011HumanColorectumAD3.16e-024.25e-01-0.0124
1075CTSCHTA11_99999970781_79442HumanColorectumMSS2.07e-053.09e-010.294
1075CTSCHTA11_99999965104_69814HumanColorectumMSS1.38e-043.94e-010.281
1075CTSCHTA11_99999971662_82457HumanColorectumMSS6.43e-094.49e-010.3859
1075CTSCA015-C-203HumanColorectumFAP1.82e-03-1.57e-01-0.1294
1075CTSCA002-C-114HumanColorectumFAP5.98e-04-1.78e-01-0.1561
1075CTSCA018-E-020HumanColorectumFAP2.14e-02-1.63e-01-0.2034
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check button Transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.
TissueExpression DynamicsAbbreviation
CervixThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.CC: Cervix cancer
HSIL_HPV: HPV-infected high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions
N_HPV: HPV-infected normal cervix
Colorectum (GSE201348)The image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.FAP: Familial adenomatous polyposis
CRC: Colorectal cancer
Colorectum (HTA11)The image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.AD: Adenomas
SER: Sessile serrated lesions
MSI-H: Microsatellite-high colorectal cancer
MSS: Microsatellite stable colorectal cancer
EndometriumThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.AEH: Atypical endometrial hyperplasia
EEC: Endometrioid Cancer
EsophagusThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.ESCC: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
HGIN: High-grade intraepithelial neoplasias
LGIN: Low-grade intraepithelial neoplasias
LiverThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma
NAFLD: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Oral CavityThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.EOLP: Erosive Oral lichen planus
LP: leukoplakia
NEOLP: Non-erosive oral lichen planus
OSCC: Oral squamous cell carcinoma
SkinThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.AK: Actinic keratosis
cSCC: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
SCCIS:squamous cell carcinoma in situ
ThyroidThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.ATC: Anaplastic thyroid cancer
HT: Hashimoto's thyroiditis
PTC: Papillary thyroid cancer
∗log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.

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Malignant transformation related pathway analysis

check buttonFind out the enriched GO biological processes and KEGG pathways involved in transition from healthy to precancer to cancer
check button Figure of enriched GO biological processes.
TissueDisease StageEnriched GO biological Processes
ColorectumADGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumSERGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumMSSGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumMSI-HGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumFAPGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
∗Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
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check button Enriched GO biological processes.
GO IDTissueDisease StageDescriptionGene RatioBg Ratiopvaluep.adjustCount
GO:004217630ThyroidHTregulation of protein catabolic process70/1272391/187235.96e-141.66e-1170
GO:200123330ThyroidHTregulation of apoptotic signaling pathway63/1272356/187231.87e-124.01e-1063
GO:190336230ThyroidHTregulation of cellular protein catabolic process50/1272255/187237.98e-121.48e-0950
GO:190305030ThyroidHTregulation of proteolysis involved in cellular protein catabolic process40/1272221/187231.09e-089.17e-0740
GO:004573230ThyroidHTpositive regulation of protein catabolic process40/1272231/187233.91e-082.65e-0640
GO:004586230ThyroidHTpositive regulation of proteolysis54/1272372/187239.68e-085.67e-0654
GO:190336430ThyroidHTpositive regulation of cellular protein catabolic process30/1272155/187231.61e-078.85e-0630
GO:000989629ThyroidHTpositive regulation of catabolic process63/1272492/187238.49e-073.45e-0563
GO:000269610ThyroidHTpositive regulation of leukocyte activation55/1272409/187239.17e-073.70e-0555
GO:003133129ThyroidHTpositive regulation of cellular catabolic process56/1272427/187231.63e-066.16e-0556
GO:00508679ThyroidHTpositive regulation of cell activation55/1272420/187232.11e-067.61e-0555
GO:00507297ThyroidHTpositive regulation of inflammatory response26/1272142/187233.14e-061.08e-0426
GO:00321039ThyroidHTpositive regulation of response to external stimulus55/1272427/187233.50e-061.16e-0455
GO:00313497ThyroidHTpositive regulation of defense response40/1272278/187235.40e-061.66e-0440
GO:000756828ThyroidHTaging46/1272339/187235.52e-061.68e-0446
GO:200123527ThyroidHTpositive regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway23/1272126/187231.20e-053.15e-0423
GO:00024494ThyroidHTlymphocyte mediated immunity45/1272350/187232.76e-056.05e-0445
GO:190305226ThyroidHTpositive regulation of proteolysis involved in cellular protein catabolic process22/1272133/187238.77e-051.48e-0322
GO:00024434ThyroidHTleukocyte mediated immunity51/1272440/187231.30e-042.07e-0351
GO:00024605ThyroidHTadaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains43/1272356/187231.74e-042.59e-0343
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check button Enriched KEGG pathways.
Pathway IDTissueDisease StageDescriptionGene RatioBg Ratiopvaluep.adjustqvalueCount
hsa042109CervixCCApoptosis36/1267136/84653.21e-041.68e-039.91e-0436
hsa0421014CervixCCApoptosis36/1267136/84653.21e-041.68e-039.91e-0436
hsa0421042CervixN_HPVApoptosis14/349136/84651.40e-039.06e-037.08e-0314
hsa0421052CervixN_HPVApoptosis14/349136/84651.40e-039.06e-037.08e-0314
hsa04142ColorectumSERLysosome38/1580132/84652.87e-032.03e-021.47e-0238
hsa041421ColorectumSERLysosome38/1580132/84652.87e-032.03e-021.47e-0238
hsa04210ColorectumMSSApoptosis44/1875136/84653.66e-031.66e-021.01e-0244
hsa042101ColorectumMSSApoptosis44/1875136/84653.66e-031.66e-021.01e-0244
hsa0421010EndometriumAEHApoptosis30/1197136/84657.72e-034.05e-022.96e-0230
hsa0421015EndometriumAEHApoptosis30/1197136/84657.72e-034.05e-022.96e-0230
hsa0421024EndometriumEECApoptosis31/1237136/84656.72e-033.25e-022.42e-0231
hsa0421034EndometriumEECApoptosis31/1237136/84656.72e-033.25e-022.42e-0231
hsa0421020EsophagusHGINApoptosis36/1383136/84651.67e-031.52e-021.20e-0236
hsa041426EsophagusHGINLysosome33/1383132/84656.65e-034.37e-023.47e-0233
hsa04210110EsophagusHGINApoptosis36/1383136/84651.67e-031.52e-021.20e-0236
hsa0414213EsophagusHGINLysosome33/1383132/84656.65e-034.37e-023.47e-0233
hsa0414222EsophagusESCCLysosome102/4205132/84655.11e-117.13e-103.65e-10102
hsa0421027EsophagusESCCApoptosis102/4205136/84651.05e-091.21e-086.21e-09102
hsa0414232EsophagusESCCLysosome102/4205132/84655.11e-117.13e-103.65e-10102
hsa0421037EsophagusESCCApoptosis102/4205136/84651.05e-091.21e-086.21e-09102
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Cell-cell communication analysis

check buttonIdentification of potential cell-cell interactions between two cell types and their ligand-receptor pairs for different disease states
LigandReceptorLRpairPathwayTissueDisease Stage
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Single-cell gene regulatory network inference analysis

check buttonFind out the significant the regulons (TFs) and the target genes of each regulon across cell types for different disease states
TFCell TypeTissueDisease StageTarget GeneRSSRegulon Activity
∗The dot plots of a searched regulon are shown for all cell subpopulations in each disease state of each tissue based on the regulon specific score inferred using pySCENIC and by calculating the average expression.
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Somatic mutation of malignant transformation related genes

check buttonAnnotation of somatic variants for genes involved in malignant transformation
Hugo SymbolVariant ClassVariant ClassificationdbSNP RSHGVScHGVSpHGVSp ShortSWISSPROTBIOTYPESIFTPolyPhenTumor Sample BarcodeTissueHistologySexAgeStageTherapy TypesDrugsOutcome
CTSCSNVMissense_Mutationnovelc.656N>Tp.Pro219Leup.P219LP53634protein_codingdeleterious(0.03)possibly_damaging(0.477)TCGA-EW-A2FR-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale<65III/IVChemotherapyepirubicinSD
CTSCSNVMissense_Mutationc.1106C>Ap.Pro369Hisp.P369HP53634protein_codingdeleterious(0)probably_damaging(1)TCGA-A6-2686-01Colorectumcolon adenocarcinomaFemale>=65I/IIUnknownUnknownSD
CTSCSNVMissense_Mutationc.959N>Ap.Ala320Aspp.A320DP53634protein_codingtolerated(0.72)benign(0.001)TCGA-A6-6653-01Colorectumcolon adenocarcinomaMale>=65I/IIUnknownUnknownSD
CTSCSNVMissense_Mutationc.680N>Cp.Lys227Thrp.K227TP53634protein_codingtolerated(0.44)benign(0.117)TCGA-AA-3663-01Colorectumcolon adenocarcinomaMale<65I/IIUnknownUnknownSD
CTSCSNVMissense_Mutationrs370851747c.731N>Gp.Asn244Serp.N244SP53634protein_codingtolerated(0.09)benign(0.237)TCGA-AY-4071-01Colorectumcolon adenocarcinomaFemale<65I/IIUnknownUnknownSD
CTSCSNVMissense_Mutationnovelc.611N>Ap.Arg204Lysp.R204KP53634protein_codingtolerated(0.08)benign(0.018)TCGA-CA-6717-01Colorectumcolon adenocarcinomaMale<65I/IIChemotherapyoxaliplatinCR
CTSCSNVMissense_Mutationrs754353507c.1318N>Tp.Arg440Trpp.R440WP53634protein_codingdeleterious(0.05)possibly_damaging(0.736)TCGA-G4-6588-01Colorectumcolon adenocarcinomaFemale<65I/IIUnknownUnknownSD
CTSCSNVMissense_Mutationc.551N>Tp.Ser184Phep.S184FP53634protein_codingdeleterious(0.01)possibly_damaging(0.903)TCGA-G4-6625-01Colorectumcolon adenocarcinomaFemale>=65I/IIUnknownUnknownPD
CTSCSNVMissense_Mutationc.460N>Ap.Ala154Thrp.A154TP53634protein_codingtolerated(0.64)benign(0.001)TCGA-AG-A002-01Colorectumrectum adenocarcinomaMale<65I/IIUnknownUnknownSD
CTSCinsertionFrame_Shift_Insnovelc.1280dupAp.Asn427LysfsTer9p.N427Kfs*9P53634protein_codingTCGA-AA-3947-01Colorectumcolon adenocarcinomaFemale<65I/IIUnknownUnknownSD
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Related drugs of malignant transformation related genes

check buttonIdentification of chemicals and drugs interact with genes involved in malignant transfromation
(DGIdb 4.0)
Entrez IDSymbolCategoryInteraction TypesDrug Claim NameDrug NamePMIDs
1075CTSCENZYME, DRUGGABLE GENOME, PROTEASEinhibitor252166823
1075CTSCENZYME, DRUGGABLE GENOME, PROTEASEPROGESTERONEPROGESTERONE17916955
1075CTSCENZYME, DRUGGABLE GENOME, PROTEASEPENTOSAN POLYSULFATE17826736
1075CTSCENZYME, DRUGGABLE GENOME, PROTEASEGSK2793660
1075CTSCENZYME, DRUGGABLE GENOME, PROTEASECALCIUM GLUCONATE18822840
1075CTSCENZYME, DRUGGABLE GENOME, PROTEASEinhibitor328083514
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