Schematic overview of the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the cancer progression, including the proposed cellular and molecular mechanisms in cancer cells trajectory. AT1: alveolar type 1 cells; AT2: alveolar type 2 cells; AAH: atypical adenomatous hyperplasia; AIS: adenocarcinoma in situ; MIA: minimally invasive adenocarcinoma; IA: invasive adenocarcinoma; EMT: epithelial-mesenchymal transition

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Center for Computational Systems Medicine
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Gene summary

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Malignant transformation analysis

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Malignant transformation related pathway analysis

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Cell-cell communication analysis

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Single-cell gene regulatory network inference analysis

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Somatic mutation of malignant transformation related genes

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Related drugs of malignant transformation related genes

Gene: RPS16

Gene summary for RPS16

check button Gene summary.

Gene informationSpeciesHuman
Gene symbol

RPS16

Gene ID

6217

Gene nameribosomal protein S16
Gene AliasS16
Cytomap19q13.2
Gene Typeprotein-coding
GO ID

GO:0000462

UniProtAcc

P62249


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Malignant transformation analysis

check button Identification of the aberrant gene expression in precancerous and cancerous lesions by comparing the gene expression of stem-like cells in diseased tissues with normal stem cells
check button Malignant transformation involving gene list.
Entrez IDSymbolReplicatesSpeciesOrganTissueAdj P-valueLog2FCMalignancy
6217RPS16GSM4909281HumanBreastIDC1.93e-121.87e-010.21
6217RPS16GSM4909282HumanBreastIDC7.81e-09-1.23e-01-0.0288
6217RPS16GSM4909285HumanBreastIDC3.98e-804.09e-010.21
6217RPS16GSM4909286HumanBreastIDC1.41e-432.84e-010.1081
6217RPS16GSM4909288HumanBreastIDC1.83e-031.21e-010.0988
6217RPS16GSM4909290HumanBreastIDC4.28e-141.91e-010.2096
6217RPS16GSM4909291HumanBreastIDC4.48e-172.04e-010.1753
6217RPS16GSM4909293HumanBreastIDC3.81e-18-1.39e-010.1581
6217RPS16GSM4909294HumanBreastIDC4.39e-151.52e-010.2022
6217RPS16GSM4909296HumanBreastIDC5.83e-131.73e-010.1524
6217RPS16GSM4909297HumanBreastIDC1.87e-03-1.23e-010.1517
6217RPS16GSM4909298HumanBreastIDC2.48e-061.50e-010.1551
6217RPS16GSM4909302HumanBreastIDC5.81e-101.08e-010.1545
6217RPS16GSM4909304HumanBreastIDC5.30e-041.53e-010.1636
6217RPS16GSM4909307HumanBreastIDC3.41e-061.49e-010.1569
6217RPS16GSM4909311HumanBreastIDC4.25e-16-2.47e-020.1534
6217RPS16GSM4909315HumanBreastIDC1.06e-039.42e-020.21
6217RPS16GSM4909319HumanBreastIDC1.04e-24-2.35e-010.1563
6217RPS16GSM4909320HumanBreastIDC2.15e-031.35e-010.1575
6217RPS16brca2HumanBreastPrecancer1.33e-30-2.06e-01-0.024
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check button Transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.
TissueExpression DynamicsAbbreviation
BreastThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.IDC: Invasive ductal carcinoma
DCIS: Ductal carcinoma in situ
Precancer(BRCA1-mut): Precancerous lesion from BRCA1 mutation carriers
CervixThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.CC: Cervix cancer
HSIL_HPV: HPV-infected high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions
N_HPV: HPV-infected normal cervix
Colorectum (GSE201348)The image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.FAP: Familial adenomatous polyposis
CRC: Colorectal cancer
Colorectum (HTA11)The image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.AD: Adenomas
SER: Sessile serrated lesions
MSI-H: Microsatellite-high colorectal cancer
MSS: Microsatellite stable colorectal cancer
EndometriumThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.AEH: Atypical endometrial hyperplasia
EEC: Endometrioid Cancer
EsophagusThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.ESCC: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
HGIN: High-grade intraepithelial neoplasias
LGIN: Low-grade intraepithelial neoplasias
LiverThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma
NAFLD: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
LungThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.AAH: Atypical adenomatous hyperplasia
AIS: Adenocarcinoma in situ
IAC: Invasive lung adenocarcinoma
MIA: Minimally invasive adenocarcinoma
Oral CavityThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.EOLP: Erosive Oral lichen planus
LP: leukoplakia
NEOLP: Non-erosive oral lichen planus
OSCC: Oral squamous cell carcinoma
ProstateThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.BPH: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
SkinThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.AK: Actinic keratosis
cSCC: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
SCCIS:squamous cell carcinoma in situ
ThyroidThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.ATC: Anaplastic thyroid cancer
HT: Hashimoto's thyroiditis
PTC: Papillary thyroid cancer
∗log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.

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Malignant transformation related pathway analysis

check buttonFind out the enriched GO biological processes and KEGG pathways involved in transition from healthy to precancer to cancer
check button Figure of enriched GO biological processes.
TissueDisease StageEnriched GO biological Processes
ColorectumADGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumSERGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumMSSGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumMSI-HGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumFAPGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
∗Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
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check button Enriched GO biological processes.
GO IDTissueDisease StageDescriptionGene RatioBg Ratiopvaluep.adjustCount
GO:00610087LiverNAFLDhepaticobiliary system development38/1882150/187235.94e-085.42e-0638
GO:00018897LiverNAFLDliver development37/1882147/187231.06e-078.12e-0637
GO:00226137LiverNAFLDribonucleoprotein complex biogenesis76/1882463/187231.19e-053.67e-0476
GO:00311003LiverNAFLDanimal organ regeneration20/188276/187234.33e-051.06e-0320
GO:00422547LiverNAFLDribosome biogenesis52/1882299/187236.03e-051.32e-0352
GO:00422747LiverNAFLDribosomal small subunit biogenesis19/188273/187237.85e-051.61e-0319
GO:00487327LiverNAFLDgland development67/1882436/187232.83e-044.53e-0367
GO:00310993LiverNAFLDregeneration35/1882198/187236.67e-048.61e-0335
GO:00974215LiverNAFLDliver regeneration10/188235/187231.79e-031.85e-0210
GO:00344704LiverNAFLDncRNA processing57/1882395/187233.34e-032.93e-0257
GO:00063644LiverNAFLDrRNA processing35/1882225/187236.04e-034.54e-0235
GO:000218112LiverCirrhoticcytoplasmic translation120/4634148/187232.95e-471.85e-43120
GO:002261312LiverCirrhoticribonucleoprotein complex biogenesis231/4634463/187233.28e-326.86e-29231
GO:004225412LiverCirrhoticribosome biogenesis154/4634299/187231.18e-236.72e-21154
GO:000636412LiverCirrhoticrRNA processing115/4634225/187231.12e-171.64e-15115
GO:00160724LiverCirrhoticrRNA metabolic process119/4634236/187231.19e-171.70e-15119
GO:000188912LiverCirrhoticliver development81/4634147/187232.99e-153.35e-1381
GO:006100812LiverCirrhotichepaticobiliary system development82/4634150/187233.72e-154.09e-1382
GO:00344701LiverCirrhoticncRNA processing158/4634395/187231.09e-116.96e-10158
GO:004227412LiverCirrhoticribosomal small subunit biogenesis42/463473/187232.34e-099.73e-0842
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check button Enriched KEGG pathways.
Pathway IDTissueDisease StageDescriptionGene RatioBg Ratiopvaluep.adjustqvalueCount
hsa0301018BreastPrecancerRibosome80/684167/84657.33e-442.32e-411.77e-4180
hsa0517118BreastPrecancerCoronavirus disease - COVID-1981/684232/84653.74e-322.36e-301.81e-3081
hsa0301019BreastPrecancerRibosome80/684167/84657.33e-442.32e-411.77e-4180
hsa0517119BreastPrecancerCoronavirus disease - COVID-1981/684232/84653.74e-322.36e-301.81e-3081
hsa0301024BreastIDCRibosome83/867167/84656.07e-399.87e-377.38e-3783
hsa0517124BreastIDCCoronavirus disease - COVID-1986/867232/84651.50e-289.72e-277.27e-2786
hsa0301034BreastIDCRibosome83/867167/84656.07e-399.87e-377.38e-3783
hsa0517134BreastIDCCoronavirus disease - COVID-1986/867232/84651.50e-289.72e-277.27e-2786
hsa0301044BreastDCISRibosome82/846167/84658.69e-391.40e-361.03e-3682
hsa0517144BreastDCISCoronavirus disease - COVID-1986/846232/84652.42e-291.56e-271.15e-2786
hsa0301054BreastDCISRibosome82/846167/84658.69e-391.40e-361.03e-3682
hsa0517154BreastDCISCoronavirus disease - COVID-1986/846232/84652.42e-291.56e-271.15e-2786
hsa0517120CervixCCCoronavirus disease - COVID-19111/1267232/84651.82e-335.90e-313.49e-31111
hsa0301020CervixCCRibosome85/1267167/84653.17e-285.14e-263.04e-2685
hsa05171110CervixCCCoronavirus disease - COVID-19111/1267232/84651.82e-335.90e-313.49e-31111
hsa03010110CervixCCRibosome85/1267167/84653.17e-285.14e-263.04e-2685
hsa0301025CervixHSIL_HPVRibosome80/459167/84659.61e-582.82e-552.28e-5580
hsa0517125CervixHSIL_HPVCoronavirus disease - COVID-1991/459232/84652.14e-563.13e-542.53e-5491
hsa0301035CervixHSIL_HPVRibosome80/459167/84659.61e-582.82e-552.28e-5580
hsa0517135CervixHSIL_HPVCoronavirus disease - COVID-1991/459232/84652.14e-563.13e-542.53e-5491
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Cell-cell communication analysis

check buttonIdentification of potential cell-cell interactions between two cell types and their ligand-receptor pairs for different disease states
LigandReceptorLRpairPathwayTissueDisease Stage
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Single-cell gene regulatory network inference analysis

check buttonFind out the significant the regulons (TFs) and the target genes of each regulon across cell types for different disease states
TFCell TypeTissueDisease StageTarget GeneRSSRegulon Activity
∗The dot plots of a searched regulon are shown for all cell subpopulations in each disease state of each tissue based on the regulon specific score inferred using pySCENIC and by calculating the average expression.
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Somatic mutation of malignant transformation related genes

check buttonAnnotation of somatic variants for genes involved in malignant transformation
Hugo SymbolVariant ClassVariant ClassificationdbSNP RSHGVScHGVSpHGVSp ShortSWISSPROTBIOTYPESIFTPolyPhenTumor Sample BarcodeTissueHistologySexAgeStageTherapy TypesDrugsOutcome
RPS16SNVMissense_Mutationc.139C>Gp.Leu47Valp.L47VP62249protein_codingdeleterious(0.02)probably_damaging(0.926)TCGA-E2-A15L-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale>=65I/IIHormone TherapyarimidexSD
RPS16SNVMissense_Mutationnovelc.176N>Ap.Gly59Aspp.G59DP62249protein_codingdeleterious(0.03)possibly_damaging(0.686)TCGA-AP-A1DV-01Endometriumuterine corpus endometrioid carcinomaFemale<65I/IIUnknownUnknownSD
RPS16SNVMissense_Mutationnovelc.254G>Ap.Arg85Hisp.R85HP62249protein_codingdeleterious(0.02)possibly_damaging(0.907)TCGA-B5-A3FC-01Endometriumuterine corpus endometrioid carcinomaFemale<65I/IIUnknownUnknownSD
RPS16SNVMissense_Mutationc.163G>Ap.Val55Ilep.V55IP62249protein_codingtolerated(0.73)benign(0.029)TCGA-BS-A0UF-01Endometriumuterine corpus endometrioid carcinomaFemale>=65I/IIUnknownUnknownSD
RPS16SNVMissense_Mutationnovelc.206N>Ap.Arg69Hisp.R69HP62249protein_codingtolerated(0.05)benign(0.106)TCGA-D1-A103-01Endometriumuterine corpus endometrioid carcinomaFemale>=65I/IIUnknownUnknownSD
RPS16SNVMissense_Mutationnovelc.253N>Tp.Arg85Cysp.R85CP62249protein_codingdeleterious(0.04)possibly_damaging(0.797)TCGA-D1-A16X-01Endometriumuterine corpus endometrioid carcinomaFemale<65I/IIUnknownUnknownSD
RPS16SNVMissense_Mutationnovelc.49N>Gp.Lys17Glup.K17EP62249protein_codingdeleterious(0)probably_damaging(0.989)TCGA-EY-A1GI-01Endometriumuterine corpus endometrioid carcinomaFemale<65I/IIUnknownUnknownSD
RPS16SNVMissense_Mutationc.346G>Tp.Asp116Tyrp.D116YP62249protein_codingdeleterious(0)probably_damaging(0.996)TCGA-53-7624-01Lunglung adenocarcinomaFemale<65III/IVChemotherapycisplatinPD
RPS16SNVMissense_Mutationnovelc.205N>Tp.Arg69Cysp.R69CP62249protein_codingdeleterious(0.04)benign(0.294)TCGA-77-A5GA-01Lunglung squamous cell carcinomaMale>=65I/IIUnknownUnknownSD
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Related drugs of malignant transformation related genes

check buttonIdentification of chemicals and drugs interact with genes involved in malignant transfromation
(DGIdb 4.0)
Entrez IDSymbolCategoryInteraction TypesDrug Claim NameDrug NamePMIDs
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