Schematic overview of the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the cancer progression, including the proposed cellular and molecular mechanisms in cancer cells trajectory. AT1: alveolar type 1 cells; AT2: alveolar type 2 cells; AAH: atypical adenomatous hyperplasia; AIS: adenocarcinoma in situ; MIA: minimally invasive adenocarcinoma; IA: invasive adenocarcinoma; EMT: epithelial-mesenchymal transition

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Center for Computational Systems Medicine
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Gene summary

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Malignant transformation analysis

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Malignant transformation related pathway analysis

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Cell-cell communication analysis

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Single-cell gene regulatory network inference analysis

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Somatic mutation of malignant transformation related genes

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Related drugs of malignant transformation related genes

Gene: POLD4

Gene summary for POLD4

check button Gene summary.

Gene informationSpeciesHuman
Gene symbol

POLD4

Gene ID

57804

Gene nameDNA polymerase delta 4, accessory subunit
Gene AliasPOLDS
Cytomap11q13.2
Gene Typeprotein-coding
GO ID

GO:0000731

UniProtAcc

Q9HCU8


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Malignant transformation analysis

check button Identification of the aberrant gene expression in precancerous and cancerous lesions by comparing the gene expression of stem-like cells in diseased tissues with normal stem cells
check button Malignant transformation involving gene list.
Entrez IDSymbolReplicatesSpeciesOrganTissueAdj P-valueLog2FCMalignancy
57804POLD4P5T-EHumanEsophagusESCC1.12e-881.54e+000.1327
57804POLD4P8T-EHumanEsophagusESCC6.61e-1122.12e+000.0889
57804POLD4P9T-EHumanEsophagusESCC5.27e-531.16e+000.1131
57804POLD4P10T-EHumanEsophagusESCC1.41e-375.78e-010.116
57804POLD4P11T-EHumanEsophagusESCC4.42e-371.13e+000.1426
57804POLD4P12T-EHumanEsophagusESCC7.78e-831.53e+000.1122
57804POLD4P15T-EHumanEsophagusESCC3.34e-881.67e+000.1149
57804POLD4P16T-EHumanEsophagusESCC5.17e-458.59e-010.1153
57804POLD4P17T-EHumanEsophagusESCC4.56e-361.11e+000.1278
57804POLD4P19T-EHumanEsophagusESCC1.26e-311.83e+000.1662
57804POLD4P20T-EHumanEsophagusESCC2.40e-841.60e+000.1124
57804POLD4P21T-EHumanEsophagusESCC4.78e-1031.86e+000.1617
57804POLD4P22T-EHumanEsophagusESCC2.45e-661.05e+000.1236
57804POLD4P23T-EHumanEsophagusESCC2.01e-821.63e+000.108
57804POLD4P24T-EHumanEsophagusESCC1.71e-981.82e+000.1287
57804POLD4P26T-EHumanEsophagusESCC4.51e-841.38e+000.1276
57804POLD4P27T-EHumanEsophagusESCC3.56e-641.02e+000.1055
57804POLD4P28T-EHumanEsophagusESCC3.75e-821.33e+000.1149
57804POLD4P30T-EHumanEsophagusESCC9.20e-661.64e+000.137
57804POLD4P31T-EHumanEsophagusESCC2.72e-801.29e+000.1251
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check button Transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.
TissueExpression DynamicsAbbreviation
CervixThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.CC: Cervix cancer
HSIL_HPV: HPV-infected high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions
N_HPV: HPV-infected normal cervix
EsophagusThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.ESCC: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
HGIN: High-grade intraepithelial neoplasias
LGIN: Low-grade intraepithelial neoplasias
GCThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.CAG: Chronic atrophic gastritis
CAG with IM: Chronic atrophic gastritis with intestinal metaplasia
CSG: Chronic superficial gastritis
GC: Gastric cancer
SIM: Severe intestinal metaplasia
WIM: Wild intestinal metaplasia
LiverThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma
NAFLD: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Oral CavityThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.EOLP: Erosive Oral lichen planus
LP: leukoplakia
NEOLP: Non-erosive oral lichen planus
OSCC: Oral squamous cell carcinoma
ProstateThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.BPH: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
SkinThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.AK: Actinic keratosis
cSCC: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
SCCIS:squamous cell carcinoma in situ
ThyroidThe image shows the transcriptomic changes along malignancy continuum.log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.ATC: Anaplastic thyroid cancer
HT: Hashimoto's thyroiditis
PTC: Papillary thyroid cancer
∗log2FC in expression of this searched gene in stem-like cells from each diseased tissue sample relative to stem-like cells in normal samples in each tissue plotted against the malignancy continuum. Samples are colored based on if they are from different disease stage.

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Malignant transformation related pathway analysis

check buttonFind out the enriched GO biological processes and KEGG pathways involved in transition from healthy to precancer to cancer
check button Figure of enriched GO biological processes.
TissueDisease StageEnriched GO biological Processes
ColorectumADGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumSERGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumMSSGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumMSI-HGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
ColorectumFAPGO analysis - Figure of enriched GO biological processes: Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
∗Top 15 enriched GO BP terms are showed in the bar plot of each disease state in each tissue. Each row represents a significant GO biological process which is colored according to the -log10(p.adjust).
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check button Enriched GO biological processes.
GO IDTissueDisease StageDescriptionGene RatioBg Ratiopvaluep.adjustCount
GO:00062602CervixCCDNA replication48/2311260/187232.70e-031.85e-0248
GO:007189710EsophagusHGINDNA biosynthetic process44/2587180/187238.97e-051.96e-0344
GO:00062604EsophagusESCCDNA replication181/8552260/187233.55e-152.05e-13181
GO:007189716EsophagusESCCDNA biosynthetic process127/8552180/187231.04e-113.85e-10127
GO:00062612EsophagusESCCDNA-dependent DNA replication100/8552151/187232.61e-073.94e-06100
GO:00062601LiverHCCDNA replication146/7958260/187235.68e-067.02e-05146
GO:00718975LiverHCCDNA biosynthetic process99/7958180/187234.66e-043.08e-0399
GO:0006261LiverHCCDNA-dependent DNA replication80/7958151/187235.91e-032.44e-0280
GO:00062603Oral cavityOSCCDNA replication159/7305260/187233.25e-131.59e-11159
GO:00718979Oral cavityOSCCDNA biosynthetic process106/7305180/187234.86e-088.95e-07106
GO:00062611Oral cavityOSCCDNA-dependent DNA replication84/7305151/187232.46e-052.30e-0484
GO:000626011Oral cavityLPDNA replication97/4623260/187233.67e-067.75e-0597
GO:007189715Oral cavityLPDNA biosynthetic process71/4623180/187238.04e-061.52e-0471
GO:007189722Oral cavityEOLPDNA biosynthetic process33/2218180/187237.00e-033.40e-0233
GO:00718978ProstateBPHDNA biosynthetic process50/3107180/187231.06e-049.73e-0450
GO:007189714ProstateTumorDNA biosynthetic process51/3246180/187231.63e-041.46e-0351
GO:000626012SkincSCCDNA replication106/4864260/187231.18e-072.77e-06106
GO:007189718SkincSCCDNA biosynthetic process74/4864180/187236.33e-068.92e-0574
GO:00718974StomachCAG with IMDNA biosynthetic process19/1050180/187236.02e-034.63e-0219
GO:007189711StomachCSGDNA biosynthetic process19/1034180/187235.12e-034.17e-0219
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check button Enriched KEGG pathways.
Pathway IDTissueDisease StageDescriptionGene RatioBg Ratiopvaluep.adjustqvalueCount
hsa0342022EsophagusESCCNucleotide excision repair54/420563/84652.01e-092.17e-081.11e-0854
hsa034104EsophagusESCCBase excision repair38/420544/84653.59e-072.62e-061.34e-0638
hsa030304EsophagusESCCDNA replication32/420536/84657.71e-075.06e-062.59e-0632
hsa034304EsophagusESCCMismatch repair21/420523/84652.85e-051.35e-046.90e-0521
hsa0342032EsophagusESCCNucleotide excision repair54/420563/84652.01e-092.17e-081.11e-0854
hsa0341011EsophagusESCCBase excision repair38/420544/84653.59e-072.62e-061.34e-0638
hsa0303011EsophagusESCCDNA replication32/420536/84657.71e-075.06e-062.59e-0632
hsa0343011EsophagusESCCMismatch repair21/420523/84652.85e-051.35e-046.90e-0521
hsa03420LiverCirrhoticNucleotide excision repair29/253063/84654.81e-031.74e-021.07e-0229
hsa034201LiverCirrhoticNucleotide excision repair29/253063/84654.81e-031.74e-021.07e-0229
hsa034204Oral cavityOSCCNucleotide excision repair49/370463/84653.48e-082.91e-071.48e-0749
hsa03030Oral cavityOSCCDNA replication31/370436/84651.70e-071.19e-066.03e-0731
hsa0342011Oral cavityOSCCNucleotide excision repair49/370463/84653.48e-082.91e-071.48e-0749
hsa030301Oral cavityOSCCDNA replication31/370436/84651.70e-071.19e-066.03e-0731
hsa0342021Oral cavityLPNucleotide excision repair37/241863/84655.14e-076.33e-064.08e-0637
hsa030302Oral cavityLPDNA replication23/241836/84651.08e-057.79e-055.02e-0523
hsa034102Oral cavityLPBase excision repair23/241844/84657.66e-043.75e-032.42e-0323
hsa034302Oral cavityLPMismatch repair12/241823/84651.43e-024.59e-022.96e-0212
hsa0342031Oral cavityLPNucleotide excision repair37/241863/84655.14e-076.33e-064.08e-0637
hsa030303Oral cavityLPDNA replication23/241836/84651.08e-057.79e-055.02e-0523
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Cell-cell communication analysis

check buttonIdentification of potential cell-cell interactions between two cell types and their ligand-receptor pairs for different disease states
LigandReceptorLRpairPathwayTissueDisease Stage
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Single-cell gene regulatory network inference analysis

check buttonFind out the significant the regulons (TFs) and the target genes of each regulon across cell types for different disease states
TFCell TypeTissueDisease StageTarget GeneRSSRegulon Activity
∗The dot plots of a searched regulon are shown for all cell subpopulations in each disease state of each tissue based on the regulon specific score inferred using pySCENIC and by calculating the average expression.
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Somatic mutation of malignant transformation related genes

check buttonAnnotation of somatic variants for genes involved in malignant transformation
Hugo SymbolVariant ClassVariant ClassificationdbSNP RSHGVScHGVSpHGVSp ShortSWISSPROTBIOTYPESIFTPolyPhenTumor Sample BarcodeTissueHistologySexAgeStageTherapy TypesDrugsOutcome
POLD4SNVMissense_Mutationrs140664272c.313N>Cp.Tyr105Hisp.Y105HQ9HCU8protein_codingdeleterious(0.02)probably_damaging(0.987)TCGA-A1-A0SO-01Breastbreast invasive carcinomaFemale>=65I/IIChemotherapySD
POLD4SNVMissense_Mutationrs750048961c.214N>Tp.Arg72Trpp.R72WQ9HCU8protein_codingdeleterious(0)probably_damaging(0.999)TCGA-2W-A8YY-01Cervixcervical & endocervical cancerFemale<65I/IIChemotherapycisplatinCR
POLD4SNVMissense_Mutationc.294N>Tp.Gln98Hisp.Q98HQ9HCU8protein_codingdeleterious(0.01)probably_damaging(0.996)TCGA-AP-A059-01Endometriumuterine corpus endometrioid carcinomaFemale>=65I/IIUnknownUnknownSD
POLD4SNVMissense_Mutationc.225G>Cp.Gln75Hisp.Q75HQ9HCU8protein_codingtolerated(0.56)benign(0.014)TCGA-78-7536-01Lunglung adenocarcinomaMale>=65III/IVUnknownUnknownPD
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Related drugs of malignant transformation related genes

check buttonIdentification of chemicals and drugs interact with genes involved in malignant transfromation
(DGIdb 4.0)
Entrez IDSymbolCategoryInteraction TypesDrug Claim NameDrug NamePMIDs
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